Aging of the State Prison Population 1993-2013 www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/aspp9313_Sum.pdf - 16k - 2016-05-25 PART 1 After reading this article the main point that stuck out right away was that inmates who are fifty five or older; their prison population increased by four hundred percent in just twenty years, while the overall population only increased by fifty five percent. When looking at the graph in figure one it was noted that from 1993 to 2003 the population of inmates fifty five and older was steadily increasing, but from 2003 to 2013 there seems to be a higher increase. Also looking at the graph from 2003 to 2013 the population of inmates who are thirty nine and younger actually decreased and the population of those forty to fifty four had a slower increase than those who were fifty five and older. Another fact that caught me by surprise was that women in all categories had a higher incarceration rate than men from 1993 to 2013. When looking at figure seven in the article, only one of the bars was decreasing and it was the men aged thirty nine and younger from 2003 to 2013. While reading through the article and seeing the prisoners who were fifty five and older had the highest percentage of inmates every year for violent crimes. You would think that the younger age would have a higher rate because they do more crimes and their brains are not finished developing until about age thirty. It was also noticed that most of the inmates who are in prison for drug offenses are in the middle age groups, but I would have thought that more younger aged people would get arrested for drugs. When looking at ages and race, we still face the fact that more blacks and Hispanics are being incarcerated than whites, and it does not matter what age category they are in. Could it be that the main reason we have a higher age population in prison is because someone in their twenties or thirty may be convicted of rape or murder and may be sentenced to life or to spend thirty years in prison, while now the people in their twenties and thirties today are getting arrested for drugs and getting lesser time. While looking at the crimes committed and the age groups for every decade, all ages have decreased in most violent crimes, except for crimes like robbery and assault those are the only categories where crime has increased every decade. When looking at the percent of those released after serving ten years it was surprising to see that the ones who were fifty five and older had more than doubled for those who were released from 1993 to 2013. illini456, country 456, ~myhearseisnotafuneralcar456~
PART2 When reading that the number of inmates who were serving less than six months or less than twelve months had decreased for all age group was shocking. We are starting to give more time for crimes that may not be that bad or may cause much harm. If we start locking people up for longer times while they only do little petty crimes then we are not teaching them anything.
The fact that the ages of inmates has gone up is not really alarming. Also, one main question was this study done with people that have been incarcerated already or are these new people being sentenced at these ages. Maybe there is a direct correlation with the fact that we were beginning to incarcerate more people and for longer than we used to in the past. This is also the time frame that we started the war on drugs, three strikes law and harsher punishments and sentences. In 2013 the oldest offenders were serving life or on death row. 35 percent of 29,100 prisoners 65 or older were in three largest prisons (13% in California, 12% in Texas and 9% in Florida.) These prisoners only made up 3 percent of the total prison population. The stats for male prisoners 65 and older were 61% non-Hispanic white, 23% non-Hispanic black, and 15% Hispanic verses women at 73% white 18% black and only 8% Hispanic. The fact that blacks 55 and older jumped 150 percent from 2003 to 2013 is insane. The distribution for black, whites, and Hispanics inmates showed different patterns of change in this time frame. The rates for these groups ages 40 to 54 and 55 and older doubled, mainly in the blacks and Hispanics. (The ratio of Blacks to Hispanics inmates being 98,300 to 37,100.) From 2003 – 2013 prison growth of inmates 40 – 54 slowed while 55 and older increased twice over the years illini456, country 456, ~myhearseisnotafuneralcar456~
PART3 To think about why the ages Increase with the amount of inmates being a certain age there could be some speculation of how old were these inmates when they were initially incarcerated? If we look at that that might explain to as why our prisoners are older and have the higher incarceration rates. So let’s say you were 35 when you were incarcerated back in 1993 and you have to spend oh about 40 years in prison. Well by 2013 you are now 55 you are still incarcerated. So technically it is not that older people are committing these crimes it’s that the studies are being duplicated. Our prison system is extremely corrupt they need to make it look like there are more crimes being committed then what there really is so they can have more money. It’s always about the money regardless if it’s a prison or a church. Come on how does Joel Osteen have three mansions being a priest. Seriously think about it crime rate should be going down for those who are above the age 55 not up. How often are you going to see grandpa Mario trying to rob a bank or something? That would be expected from young Mario he will be quicker. Grandpa Mario would need to be concerned about breaking a hip or something in that matter. We do need more detailed information on as to why our incarceration rates are going up? Because the way it looks is someone is double dipping from the same cookie jar. The graphs in the report were informative as to the stats and helping to understand the dramatic changes during the time frame, but there wasn’t a lot of information as to why these increases are rising. There are stipulations and thoughts as to why they happened. illini456, country 456, ~myhearseisnotafuneralcar456~
It's honestly very surprising how much the population of inmates over fifty-five or older has increased by such a drastic increase. It's also interesting how people thirty-nine and younger are being incarcerated at a decreasing rate. We agree with you though how someone above fifty-five may have been in there for thirty plus years on a rape or murder charge, it's not as if they're being admitted into the facilities at that age. It's true that we'd think that the younger generations would be getting arrested and charged for drug related crimes. We were also shocked by the fact that the number of people serving less than 12 months has decreased since we've been handing out jail sentences here and there for small or petty crimes. You're completely right when you say that all they want is money and that's why they're making it seem like more people are being incarcerated when honestly that's not the case. Foxracing456, Unknownzeeha456, Xielxs456
We were very suprised by the fact that the amount of people serving misdemeanors has decreased as much as it has. It's also strange that the population over 55 has increased. As the group above stated, we agree that prisons are very greedy. It seems as if we are running a company instead of rehabilitating criminals. Prisons want people to be arrested for petty stuff, because that one prisoner is a fifty thousand dollar check. Lastly, we couldn't believe that younger generations are being arrested less. Our generation seems to be more and more immature and criminal than those before us. I imagined the average group for prisoners would be those between 18-35 as most criminal justice classes have taught us that people generally age out of crime. Although some things are not 100 percent clear, it is obvious that our corrections system is corrupt. NightTrain456, LowAndSlow456, Shark456
It was very shocking how people who is fifty five and over is still being incarcerated. It really go to us how the numbers for them ages is still increasing. We also agree how it's unfair blacks and Hispanics are being imprison more than whites. But to conclude you guys made some very valid points in this article that stood out and should be fixed now before it get worse. Savage456 Swaggy456 CoffeeAddict456
HIV in Prisons, 2015 – Statistical Tables https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/hivp15st.pdf PART 1 After reading this article I am in amazement of how many people are sitting in prison with some sort of sexually transmitted disease. However, in this article it only talked about the number of prisoners with HIV and AIDS. At the end of 2015 they calculated that the number of people incarcerated that are living with HIV was 17,150, this was a decrease of the year before, 2014 of 17,740. That is a huge decline. If this means that we are not putting as many people in jail or if there are less people with HIV, I am not sure. HIV cases in between single years differed 6.9%. State prisoners who had HIV had an estimated decline of 9,300. Per 100,000 prisoners in custody, the rate for HIV is 2,231 in state and federal correctional facilities. Surprisingly the year of 2015 there was a big decline of convicts living with HIV. With the rate blowing my mind at 1,297 per 100,000, this is the lowest they have ever seen the rates during the 25-year period of collecting data on prisoners living with HIV. There were a lot more male convicts with HIV then there were females. With the number of male prisoners with HIV sitting at 15,920, and female convicts with HIV sitting at 1,220. This is also another fact from the article that was socking to me. In 1991, 520 state prisoners died from AID related causes. Thankfully the number of deaths has overall declined since 1995 with very few spurts of an uphill climb in-between. In 2015 there was a record low number of 45 AID related deaths since data collection had started. Among state prisoners 44 males and 1 female die from AIDS in 2015. The year before it was 61 males and 3 females in 2014 died from AID related causes. As for race goes, 38 black,21 white, and 3 Hispanics state prisoners died for AID Related Causes In 2014. Between the years of 2010 and 2014 the number of AID related deaths for black people has fluctuated from a high of 44 people in 2010 to a low of 23 people. in 2015. age was another surprising factor that I read in this article. In 2015 64% of the aid related deaths where prisoners from the ages 45 and up. Ages 55 and older was actually higher than the people that died from the ages of 45 and up. The people that died that were 55 and older was 11 per 100,000 people. Statistic include the counts of prisoners by their jurisdictions, sex, race, etc. I would think that they would perhaps leave out the jurisdiction part and just go with race and sex. The article states the “nonreporting jurisdiction falls into four categories, missing data at either end of the collection period, missing data in all years except the first year of data collection. Missing data in the most recent reporting year, and missing data that fell in between years in which data was reported.” There are certain equations in which are used to calculate the missing information a lot of the equations go off the numbers of the previous years. -Thunder456, -M.Scott456
PART2 I was stunned that there are a lot of prisoners who are in the custody of state and federal correctional authorities who were known to be living with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus, is a virus that attacks the immune system. If untreated, a person’s immune system will eventually be completely destroyed). The Numbers: There are 17,150 estimated prisoners who are living with HIV at yearend 2015, which is lower compared to 17,740 in 2014 and 17,680 in 1991. 2015 was the first year that the count of prisoners with HIV went down since 1991, the year where the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) first started collecting the annual HIV data. Since the data collection, the estimated state prisoners went down from 24,190 in 1998 to 15,610 in 2015, which is good but during the same period, the federal prison population grew from 1,066 to 1,536. The rate of HIV per 100,000 in 1991 was 2,231 and 1,297 per 100,000 in 2015 which was the lowest rate observed during the 25-year period. Death Count: In 1991, there are a total of 520 state prisoners that died from AIDS-related causes (AIDS is not a virus but a set of symptoms or syndrome caused by the HIV virus). In 2015 the reported count of prisoners who died of AIDS-related causes was 45. On the other hand, BJS first obtained federal death data was in 1999, which is 16 AIDS-related causes and 1 in 2015 (higher was in 2005 with 27 and 0 in 2014). The findings of this data were remarkable which includes data from 50 states and the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP), through BJS’s National Prisoners Statistics (NPS) Program, which provides the prisoner count, the death rate of prisoners who are living with HIV and causes of death. I believe that the number of deaths of AIDS-related and HIV was declining because of The Center for Disease Control and Prevention which is HIV screening. Since 2009, the CDC recommends HIV screening at the time of admission for prisoners entering a correctional facility. How it works? Well, state and the Federal Bureau of Prison informed the prisoners that an HIV screening will be given and test will be performed unless the inmate decline. Each state is different, not all inmates were told that HIV testing is available, but were tested if they requested one. Since 2015, as part of prison intake process, 15 states reported mandatory HIV testing and 17 states offered opt-out HIV testing. 41 States reported testing those in custody, 37 states report testing when prisoners involved in incident, and 18 states offered HIV testing during routine medical exams. There are 20 states that report testing practice during discharge process. In 2015, there are an estimated 15,920 male prisoners and 1,220 female prisoners having HIV. A huge decline between 2010-2015, male prisoners down by 2,590 and 560 to female prisoners. The AIDS-related mortality rate between 2010-2015 among state prisoners ranged from 4 to 6 deaths per 100,000 and 4 deaths per 100,000 persons in federal custody. The report also states the gender, race, and age of deaths among prisoners. In 2015, there are 44 males and 1 female died from AIDS-related causes in state prisoners. 23 non-Hispanic black, 18 non-Hispanic white, and 2 Hispanic. 64% of AIDS-related deaths occurred among state prisoners age 45 and older. The mortality rate among those age 55 and older (11 per 100,000) was higher than ages 44 to 54 (6 per 100,000). Since the start of HIV data collection, the BJS report was focus on changes in HIV infection and AIDS-related deaths. Overall, there are larger of percentage of person in 2015 that are admitted in states the offered opt-out and mandatory testing. Which I believe is good for a reason that those prisoners can be given help and treated if needed and they want it. -Thunder456, -M.Scott456
Along with you I too am amazed by the amount of people sitting in jail with a sexually transmitted disease, but then again I would think that sexually transmitted diseases would be transmitted more inside prisons and jails. I was actually surprised that the number of people with HIV decreased from 2015. I agree that thankfully the numbers of these cases are decreasing at historic rates. I was surprised with age of the prisoner being a big factor of aids related deaths. The fact the prisoners ages 55 and up where the most affected by aids is shocking I would think that aids related deaths would occur more often in your prisoners especially younger than 55. I agree with you I would think they would leave out the jurisdiction part as well. I think that the missing data and the way they calculate the data could be done differently to get a better result and more accurate information. NightTrain456
Along with both of you, I was baffled by the number of people sitting in jails or prisons living with HIV. It's crazy to think that in 2015 there were 17,150 inmates living with this disease. But if there were over seventeen thousand people with HIV it makes you wonder how many people in prisons are suffering from any other sexually transmitted disease. It's good to see that there has been a decrease in HIV related deaths but the number of people dying in prisons and jails from it is still so high. We were also shocked to see that there were over twenty-four thousand inmates with HIV in 1998. It's nice to see that there are states that require HIV testing for prisoners because it could be a way to keep other inmates from being infected with the illness. I do think that it'd be easy and somewhat common for diseases like this to be spread from inmate to inmate but hopefully, if more states make HIV testing mandatory things like the spread of illnesses like HIV wouldn't occur. XIelxs456
I feel that in a way this article relates to the one I had. It was about recidivism, and I think that even people infected with transmitted diseases have an effect on the recidivism rate. I think this links with recidivism because people can be infected by HIV/AIDS for such reasons as sharing needles. If we can reduce the number of people being affected by informing people who already have AIDS/HIV while they are in prison, and try to steer them in a better path even though they have a disease that cannot be cured. They may in turn share the information, and maybe even become an activist for such people. If we just treat them like every other prisoner give them medication, yard time, and etc. Then they'll leave prison the same most likely the same end up back in prison and maybe even adding on to the numbers of people infected. McBrightyalife 456
I also cannot believe the number of people in prison with sexually transmitted diseases. It is very sad and the fact that is a hard thing to kind of prevent I believe really informing the ones already affected in order to make sure they are being safe and protecting other people the rate may go down. Now I believe all prisoners should get tested when they get to prison in order to prevent any and everything which is avoiding a problem before it happens, if they do this and inform the ones already affected that could possibly cut down the rate. I also believe in rehabilitating inmates while they are in prison which when they get out of prison they will try and be better people and fit back into society. This could also help the disease rate as I stated before. swaggyy456
Correctional Populations in the United States,2015 https://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=5870
PART 1 This article on the correctional population, in 2015, of our country, was very interesting to read about. We found it very engrossing, to see how the population of individuals, in the United States, fluctuates so much from year to year. For example, the article states that at the end of 2015 there were an estimated 6,741,400 people under the U.S adult correctional system's supervision. This number was over 100,000 people fewer than the year before. Another staggering statistic pulled from the article is that at the end of 2015 one out of every thirty-seven adults were under some form of correctional supervision. One out of every thirty-seven, that may seem like such a large percentage of citizens but what makes this statistic even more surprising is that that rate observation was the lowest since 1994 when the ratio was one in every thirty-eight. We found it interesting that over half of the people under correctional supervision were not in prisons or jails but on probation or parole. At the end of 2015, there were 3,789,800 people on probation and another 870,500 individuals on parole out of the whopping 6,741,400 people under correctional supervision in total. There's been a steady decrease in the number of people not only in facilities but under any type of supervision. We believe this decrease could be from the practice of crime deterrence or how crime and policing has been portrayed in the media. In all honesty, we were quite stunned to see that the number of people incarcerated and under other forms of correctional supervision has gone down seeing as the number of individuals in the system seems so high. Foxracing456, Unknownzeeha456. Xielxs456
Another interesting statistic we found in our article is that between 2007 and 2015, the United States correctional population has dropped by over 598,000 persons. The number of people on probation in the United States fell by 503,200 which accounted for 84% of the total decrease. While probation accounted for nearly all of the drop that means that the drop in inmates in jails and prisons only represented less than a quarter of the decrease. As stated earlier 2015 had the lowest rate in citizens under the supervision of the criminal justice system since 1994. Our country peaked at 3,210 offenders for every 100,000 adults in 2007. After yearend in 2007 was when we started to see a drop, at year end of 2015 was when we saw the lowest ratio which was 2,650 offenders per 100,000 adult residents. This drop was attributed to the decline in U.S. correctional population and the increase in the United States adult resident population, this was when the number of people under supervision dropped about 1.6 million. What stood out to us about this ratio is that of the 2,650 offenders, 1,870 of them were either on probation or parole which was also the lowest rate of offenders under community supervision since 1993. As we can see, over half of the people accounted for in this ratio are under the jurisdiction of state or federal prisons, or in the custody of local jails. From the 2,650 offenders per 100,000 people, 870 of them were in these facilities which was the same rate as in 1997. What we've gathered from this article was that there has been a solid, steady decrease in the number of individuals under the United States correctional supervision. What stood out to us the most is how this drop wasn't just in the number of citizens in jails and prisons but was also seen among people on probation and parole. Overall, this article was extremely interesting to read through, to see how much this drop can vary year to year. Foxracing456, Unknownzeeha456. Xielxs456
Part I Our article title was Recidivism of Prisoners Released in 30 states in 2005: Patterns from 2005 to 2010. It basically showed plenty of graphs and gave a lot of facts about who, when, and why they've been arrested as well as the chance of them returning to prison based on studies shown. I think that the recidivism rate of prisoners should fall back on the prison from which the offender was held. It sounds crazy but I think every sentence should come with some sort of obligation the defendant must fulfill before they are arrested. It should be based on the crime committed by the offender and should overall work towards improving the individual, and issues that may tie into such criminal behavior. For example if someone goes to jail for selling drugs, some sort of requirement to interact with someone whose had a major impact on their life due to being dealt drugs.They should also have to write a reflection of how this affected the individual, some how try to make it personally concern the individual. For example say someone may not care about others but when it comes to a close friend or family member the tables may turn. I think this approach would even work for people committing property crimes because people committing property crimes have higher recidivism rates as well as drug users. We know for a fact those type of people are more likely to re offended because most of the time they're alone and may have already drowned out all of their resources. I think as American citizens we should make it our duty to try to reform people into productive citizens. All of this goes back to money as long as people are still committing crimes the police have jobs. As long as people are getting arrested taxpayers are paying their taxes into prison facilities, and as long as people are being brought before the judge the judges always have jobs and increase. I think we've become so upset with money and power that we've forgot even what the meaning of justice is. I think the recidivism rates proves this to be true. Black males and females have higher rates than white males and females. It also showed that younger people have higher recidivism rates than older people. It all starts at home and I feel like if it cant be done there and we wont help out on the streets crime is going to continue because most of the people that commit crimes have a reason for doing it even those that do so for fun, there is always a reason. As long as we are locking people up and keeping them in jail, the recidivism rate is going to continue to go up because most likely it comes from lack of knowledge or love. If we are not going to sit down and look for issues to end recidivism then what is the purpose of locking people up in the first place. I'm definitely not saying that jails or prisons aren't needed but just simply the fact that some may be abusing their power. The fact that violent crimes, property crimes, and drug crimes are the main offenses in which people end up returning to prison exemplifies the fact that we are not doing enough to make sure they do not return. If we are so willing to put so much money towards incarceration, parole, and probation. What is the issue with instead spending money on treatment, education, and some type of check up program similar to probation but not as tense to ensure the individual is staying on the right track. I really feel like something can and will be done to change this because it costs more money to take care of a non productive criminal rather than help change someone into a productive member of society. I didn't say it was easy but it can definitely be done with the right people at hand. McBrightyalife456.
I do agree with you that recidivism will continue to go up, most likely for a reason that while inmates are serving their time they are not being introduced some treatments and education to help them understand the crime they did was wrong. And I think that there are higher rates of recidivism to Black males and females than White males and females, and higher recidivism to younger people than older people for a reason that our government does not have enough organizations and programs to help them to be a responsible citizen. Let us be real that we want people who committed a crime to be behind bars, but at the same time, we complain that it cost us as a taxpayer. I believe that we can help them not to repeat the same crime they did by spending government and taxpayers resources to some programs that will reintroduce them to society as a better citizen. -M.Scott456
yes recidivism will always go up. why? because once we release an inmate we release them back out to the world with nothing. They have no money, no job, sometimes they don't even have a place to live or go. If they need medication they have no way to afford it. yes it cost money for them to stay in the system as well as it does for them to get back on their feet. I think part of the reason on why they end up back in the system is because they have no means to be able to take care of themselves. They were taken care of in prison they didn't quite have to pay for their necessities on their own they had all kinds of assistance. If we could help them get jobs and put them up in some type of housing they might not end back up in prison. ~myhearseisnotafuneralcar456~
I agree with what your saying it seems like we are treating the symptoms and not trying to cure the disease. The symptoms being the crime and the disease being what is driving criminals to keep doing crime. I think the best way to sell the type of initiative your talking about is to explain it to the public from a financial standpoint. Most people aren't going to care that the prison's are filling up and that most people who get out of prison are just going to end up going back. Also most people are not into helping out people who have committed crime. They will care though if we can explain that it is costing the people way more money to not help the people in prison get on their feet and turn them into productive citizens. -CoffeeAddict456
I could not agree more with what you said about this article. By reading what you have to say it really sparks my interest to perhaps read this article myself. As for what you said I to be leave that some sort of system should be made up to check on these people after leaving jail or prison. Like you said maybe not something as strict or as harsh as probation or parole but I would have to say that we could use something in that nature. I also think that as long as we are as tough on crime as we are now there is always going to be a high demand for the many kinds of jobs that you listed, such as cops, judges, and many more. As the years go on however I do thank that the stats will come up with something to help the ex-convicts stay out of jail and prison and stay out of trouble on the streets. I really enjoyed reading your way of thinking and comparing it to my way of thinking about the same thing. -Thunder456
According to the article that was assigned to our group the incarcerated population in 2015 was the smallest it has been since the year 2005. Since the year 2013 the incarceration population has been steadily decreasing. This is not for just one category, the federal and state prisons in 2015 seen a vast decrease in those two years as well. Many of the states are giving prisoners with shorter sentences good time credit to reduce their sentence. Some other states have adopted diversionary techniques, including specialty courts, substance abuse treatment to help inmates when they are freed from prison or jail. I think that these programs are necessary for the prisoners and the reason that these prisoners aren't reoffending once they return to society. If these programs weren't put into place then I think we would see a increase of prisoners in that two year span instead of a decrease. I think that the substance abuse treatment and other drug programs are helping addicts stay clean when they get out of jail or prison. This is especially relevant for women since they are mostly arrested on drug charges. I think that it is smart that states like California are reducing property and drug offenses to a misdemeanor from a felony. I think that if every state would do this that we would see a decrease in incarceration rates very quickly. According to this article the imprisonment rate was at an all time low in 2015, the lowest it has been since 1997. This is very shocking to me that the imprisonment rate was on a steady increase for almost twenty years. This also states that one percent of adult males living in the United States were serving prison sentences longer than one year. With the imprisonment rates being the way they are now I would think that this percentage would be higher than what it was. I think that it is important to add that the imprisonment rate had decreased for all races from 2014 to 2015. The reason I say it is important is that not just one race is affecting the outcome of these statistics. To me it is astonishing that 11% of the federal prison population is 55 or older only serving one year or more. I would think that this number would be lower since crime tends fade out as you mature, but this could be part of the effects from tough on crime laws that took place in the 1980’s and 1990’s when these prisoners were young and sentenced to a lengthy prison sentence. The statistics that stood out to me the most was the one about violent crimes. More than half of the prisoners in state prisons are incarcerated due to violent crimes. Of the half serving time for violent crimes about one-fifth of those were serving time for rape and murder. As for federal prisons half of their inmates are serving time for drug offenses. Many of these inmates have other charges like a weapon charge or immigration crimes. NightTrain456, LowAndSlow456, Shark 456
Part Two Our groups article was title Prisoners in 2015 from the Bureau of Justice Statistics. This article describes different rates between increases and decreases in the prison system in the United States. There were a number of statistics that not only shocked me, but really made me realize the state of our prison system. As most of the class knows, America is the most jailing country in the world, as we lock people up daily. I feel like each and every year we consistently hear that crime rates are going up and that would mean more people are being locked up. This article has shown me that 2015 was the year that defied this belief. According to the Department of Justice, crime decreased more than two percent from 2014. This is also the lowest amount of people we have had incarcerated since 2005. Fourteen thousand prisoners less than in 2014. A few different reasons for this are that states are trying to reduce punishment on some crimes. California has taken a turn to have people serve jail time, community service, or probation instead of spending time in prison. California also has created a law named Provision 47 which turns some felonies like property and drug charges into misdemeanors. Substance abuse, specialty court, and new programs are enacted to reduce the rate of recidivisim in an effort to reduce prison population and increase public safety. The lowering prison rates is most seen in federal prisons, which accounts for fourty percent of the overall two percent decline. Only 18 states in 2015 had increased in prison population. A huge difference in population versus now is women. Only seven percent of the overall population was made up of females. Illinois as an example has 48,000 people incarcerated as of 2014. Out of these 48,000, 45,000 were males. This article has really opened up my eyes, and I feel more comfortable knowing that crime is not nearly as bad as I believed. NightTrain456, LowAndSlow456, Shark 456
Part 3Our criminal justice system reported that 2015 was one of the less incarcerated year for prisoners in the United States. In 2015 they were giving shorter sentences because time in a half would reduce their sentence. But today a person in prison for multiple offenses is reported only for the most serious offense so there are people in prison for violent offenses whose time in prison is extended that they were also convicted of a drug offense. Almost all convictions are the result of plea bargains, where people plead guilty to a lesser offense. Then the youth in our juvenile justice system too many are there for a serious offense that is not even a crime. There are almost 10,000 children behind bars for violations of their probation, rather than for a new offense. Because more and more kids are runaways or their parents are in prison or jail and thats all they know. There are so many different amounts and categories of people who are locked up for different reasons and they all have their own numbers and facts. There are 19,000 people in federal prison in 2015 from immigration violating laws. Violent laws was one of the biggest amount of prisoners in 2015 with 700,000 inmates and drug laws were only 200,000 which makes sense because people with drug offenses weren't receiving the harsh sentencing violent men and women were. But in 2017 today it is flipped where drug offenses in our criminal justice system are the worst for the worst which is completely wrong in our system. No I don't understand why some one selling or smoking marijuana gets 20+ life but some one who rapes or murders someone gets 15 in some states and in 2015 most states had the Capital offense and inmates would be put to death which if it was still around numbers would be decreased. But most prisons are worried about the numbers of inmates in their prisons but more of them don't have enough staff and it has been shown that prisons with less staff have had more incidents with inmates and guards. They also don't get funded enough to have programs in order for the inmates to get rehabilitated so they don't come back to prison. But the numbers from 2015 have changed in large amounts with the population growing overpopulation has already began. NightTrain456, LowAndSlow456, Shark 456
It is nice to see and hear that the incarceration population is steadily decreasing. We agree with you guys that those programs are necessary for prisoners because it helps them out for when they finally get released. It will help them with what they missed out on learning due to being in prison. Programs should be in all prisons, not just a select few. It will help them get on the right path and not want to return to prison. We like how California turns some felonies into misdemeanors. Everyone makes mistakes and who would want that on their record forever. They could be a totally different person than they were at 16-19 when they were caught with drugs and received a felony; they will be turned down for so many opportunities. Yes, a misdemeanor might still have people be turned down, but we do not think they will be turned down for as many. We do not understand why drug crimes and being considered the worse crimes in our justice system. Marijuana is about to be legal in all states, so what are they going to do then? It just blows our minds that drugs are our justice systems main concern instead of murder and more serious crimes like that. -Bears456 and CarlBaconWho456
Title- Disabilities among Prison and Jail Inmates, 2011-2012 Part1 I found a lot of things pretty interesting in this report. It was pretty shocking to see that about 3 in 10 state and federal prisoners and 4 in 10 local jail inmates reported having at least one disability. Also, in the report it states “about 40% of females and 31% of males in prison and 49% of females and 39% of males in jail reported a disability. I agree with these stats I believe there very accurate because women have more emotions than men do mentally and physically. Women suffer more with independent living than men do because they don’t have more physical strength to do things on their own. When viewing different types of disabilities through the criminologist perspective of course people with disabilities are likely to commit crimes. One thing that can be argued and I agree with is that most people with disabilities they can’t really control their actions and it’s sad how they get incarcerated for that. For example, people with cognitive should have some lead way because with having that disabilities majority of the people can not concentrate, remember what they did, or the decisions they made. With that being said people with that type of disability can’t really control their actions. Furthermore, I believe we should be doing something to help these inmates out instead of trying to provide them with just basic needs we need to be taking an extra mile to help them especially the ones with the disabilities. Instead of prisons or jails not helping them they should be using that money to make sure the inmates is getting the proper treatments they need and make sure they is carefully watched. You never know what people go through and what the disabilities they have can lead into something much more bigger. Another thing is prisoners with disabilities should be treated as well. According to the report prison and jail inmates with a disability were more likely to report past 30-day serious psychological distress than inmates without disabilities. So basically, should we as a society step up and make sure they’re getting the help they need? Especially if it’s coming from our taxes. Lastly I thought it was a good idea to do the screening for serious psychological distress. Reasoning people it can determine the health problem of an inmate and the type of risk they at.
In conclusion, In this article it shows a lot of accurate and shocking data about prisoners and jail inmates and the different type of disabilities and how they all work out. I expected women rates to be higher than men anyways especially the ones who reported to having a disabilities due to fact of the situations they in. But, my whole thing is I can agree with the criminologist perspective on why crimes is happening because of their disabilities but then again majority of them can’t control their actions. Overall I think people in prisons or jails need more rehabilitation before and after being release so they won’t go back and go through that same process. Savage456,
Part 2 I think it is interesting that the reported rates of disabilities among prisoners and jail inmates is so much higher then outside civilians. When I look at it from a criminologists point of view because this could be a big reason why some people commit crime and some don't. It can be argued that someone with cognitive or mental disorders might not show the same level of control that someone without these disorders would in a high stress situation, which leads them to make bad choices. Cognitive disorders were the most commonly reported disabilities with 2 in 10 prisoners and 3 in ten jail inmates supposedly having cognitive disorders. So is a portion of these prisoners/inmates completely at fault for what they have done wrong? Does this mean we as a society should be more open to mental illness cases in courts which would allow these people to get the treatment they need instead of just locking them up? When inside prison or jail should psychological treatment be something to consider instead of just the bare essentials like feeding the inmates 2000 calories a day and such.
This article has some relation to the video we watched on Thursday about women in prison and how a lot of them a victims themselves in a way. I believe if these statistics are true then it shows a large population of prisoners and inmates are victims in certain ways and that punishment should not be the only concern when dealing with these prisoners/jail inmates. Rehabilitation should be an important concern so that these people can due their time and get out of prison and go on to live their lives and contribute to society.
I mentioned above about the statistics legitimacy and I only do that just because of the limitations of the survey data box on page 2. One thing about the limitations that bothered me was that all the data was self-reported and not verified against medical records or diagnostic data. Unless I am misunderstanding this it seems like all these people who were interviewed and given surveys all self diagnosed themselves which brings up issues. Some issues could be that inmates and prisoners were lying to get some type of benefits (this is always a question brought up when mental illness pleas are made in court). From a criminologists point of view I liked the article and think that the continued study of the psyche of jail inmates/prisoners should continue so that we can find out more about why people commit crime. -CoffeeAddict456
Part 3 When I first started reading this article I was automatically shook after reading the first couple sentences. When the article stated that in 2011-2012, 3 in 10 prisoners in federal prisons and 4 in 10 in local jails went in with a disability I could not believe it. That statistic is mind blowing honestly especially knowing there are prisons that do not provide proper healthcare in order to help these inmates which is crazy. Women more often go to prison with a mental disability over men and those were pretty high too, 40% females and 31% males. I agree that women have a higher in prison with a disability percentage than males just for the simple fact that’s why a lot of women in prison normally commit suicide. After in class watching the women in prison video it also caused me to believe and agree with this even more because a lot of those women really do go through a struggle. For example the woman that was bipolar that attempted murder multiple times could not help herself even though she was really smart her disability prevented her from going where she needed to go.Some women are manipulated because of their significant other which is due to being controlled by a love one and after watching their video what stuck out to me most was at the end when she asked the reporter why are women portrayed in the media when they are incarcerated so negatively which is very deep. Thinking of women in prison really upsets me because as a girl I can only imagine what they are going through emotionally and thinking of mothers in prison who do not get to raise their children breaks my heart. So after reading this article it only made me think of how much more they struggle and things like that. I am not ignoring at all the fact that men are in prison with disabilities too which also causes a lot of problems and even more violence in their prisons. Swaggyy456 Savage456 Coffeeaddict456
According to the National Survey of Drug Use and Health, over a period of three years from 2007 to 2009, only 5% of the general adult population within the United States met the criteria for drug use or dependence. That percentage is dwarfed by the same statistics but within state prisons and jails. A study done by the National Inmate Surveys found that 58% of state prisoners met the same criteria as previously stated, and that 63% of sentenced jail inmates also met these criteria. These are staggering numbers, and they exclude the use of alcohol and nicotine. I suspect if alcohol were included in these numbers, they would jump upwards by a large percentage. What’s more, 7 out of 10 females in state prisons or jail met the same criteria for drug dependence or abuse, as compared to 6 out of 10 males. Of all races and genders within the system, prisoners and jail inmates are twelve times more likely to meet the criteria for drug dependence or abuse than the general adult population. That’s the epitome of irony. The corrections branch of the criminal justice system is designed to correct faulty citizens. It’s in the name. It seems, though, that according to statistics, the opposite is occurring. Or rather, had occurred during the period of 2007 until 2009. While we can’t deduce that going to a state prison or jail will likely make you drug dependent or abusive, we can safely assume that the corrections system isn’t helping drug dependent or abusive inmates to overcome their addictions.
Of the 58% of state prisoners and 63% of sentenced jail inmates, only 28% of prisoners and 22% of jail inmates participated in a drug treatment program while inside the system. The report doesn’t specify whether the low participation numbers are due to involuntary prisoners and inmates, or if they’re due to a lack of monetary assets. Those participation numbers seem dismal, however, they’re a lot happier than the statistics for the general adult population of the United States. According to this report, only 11% of the general adult population in the United States participated in a drug treatment program. It’s safe to assume, then, that while our corrections system isn’t producing the numbers we want it to, it’s still making a slight improvement in drug treatment.
What’s also interesting is the fact that inmates incarcerated for a property offense were more likely to meet the criteria for drug dependence or abuse. This makes sense when you think about it. If you’re a serious opiate user or such, you’ve probably lost your job or quit your job in order to get high full-time. If you can’t get your hands on some cash, you won’t be able to fund your drug habit. It makes sense then, that inmates convicted of a property offense would be more likely to have a drug problem. They need to buy their drugs somehow. I think that the system needs to step it up in order to control drug use within the corrections system. The trade and use of drugs, especially within an environment like prison, can lead to potentially violent behavior. Prisons are already voluntarily segregated by race, the black people hang out with other black people, the whites with white people, etc. This just promotes gang activity, and when you add drug trade into the mix, gangs will conflict whether it be about territory or maybe one gang exclusively sells methamphetamines but another gang is starting to do so. Drug use within prisons and jails can only lead to the further addition of problems within the correction system and it needs to be curbed better, primarily through the addition and improvement of drug treatment programs. -TheTurk456
Drug Use, Dependence, and Abuse Among State Prisoners and Jail Inmates
Part The Second
These statistics are undoubtedly shocking to the layman, after all, a rate of drug addiction that is not merely double, but twelve times that of the national average is nothing to treat casually! However, these statistics ought to be significantly less startling to the people involved in the criminal justice system itself, or even to someone who pauses much to think on the subject. The prisoners of the state, while they are (generally speaking) provided with food and shelter, generally lack healthy diversions for their energy. Drugs are, therefore, highly valuable in prison, even more so than in the real world, for they turn chemicals directly into entertainment, skipping over the constraints of the prison walls and the monotonous schedule of the correctional facility. Their value is not merely monetary, then, but of a nigh spiritual significance to an often desperately bored population searching for any means of outlet.
The question, then, becomes not merely “what is the problem?” but “how do we solve this problem?” This is naturally a multifaceted question, with no silver bullet to ‘slay the beast’, as it were. Proven drug treatment programs are the immediate leap to make, and surely form the cornerstone of any reforms that aim to decrease this broad and disturbing trend. More than that, however, I believe that programs offered to direct the energy of the prisoners in a more productive manner ought to be explored. The idea of teaching skills with practical applications to prisoners is hardly a new one, but I believe that partnering with local businesses to provide a pathway for their life post-release would go a long way towards alleviating the worst sort of boredom of the big house. The essential principle is that the prisoner ought to learn to take pride in work, rather than viewing it as a lower occupation than the criminal life. A man with tools in his hands and fulfilled in his work is less inclined towards distractions of a chemical nature.
Chief among the other answers, however, should stand the idea of reducing prison populations, which are strained to the bursting with prisoners, and which reduce to nigh inconsequentiality the efforts of the correctional system to aid the prisoners in recovery. Like a teacher in a filled lecture hall, the guards, teachers, and warden only have so many hours in the day, and only so much energy to expend pursuing one student. The atmospheric numbers of prisoners foisted upon the system have filled their “lecture halls” to capacity and beyond, while their funding has not followed suit. The alternative to reducing prison population is increasing funding, which might seem attractive at first glance, or at least until the time comes to pay the piper. The state, after all, does not produce value in the way that a business does, rather, it merely takes its frequent tithes in the form of taxes, a widely and rightly despised word. To aid in shoring up programs for reform, it seems to me a much less repugnant option to release some non-violent offenders to parole sentences than to cut an even wider swath through the fruitful fields of American paychecks.
Part 3 Incarceration rates have always been high in the United States. In 2015 the United States had a decrease which represented the largest annual decrease since 2009. But the population incarceration rate fell to the lowest since 2004. Community supervision incarcerated populations declined to lowest levels in more than a decade says research. People that are on probation or parole are considered to be known as people supervised in the community. For people that aren't familiar with the system, probation population is the estimated number of persons who are on a court-ordered period of supervision in the community while under control, supervision, or care of a correctional agency. The probation conditions form a contract with the court by which the person must abide in order to remain in the community, generally in lieu of incarceration. In some cases, probation can be combined sentence of incarceration followed by a period of community supervision. Often though probation entails monitoring or surveillance by a correctional agency. In some instances, probation may not involve any reporting requirements. While parole population is defined as a estimated number of persons who are on conditional release in the community following a prison term while under the control, supervision, or care of a correctional agency. Violations of the conditions of supervision during this period may result in a new sentence to confinement or a return to confinement for a technical violation. This population includes parolees released through discretionary or mandatory supervised release from prison, those released through other types of post-custody conditional supervision, and those sentenced to a term of supervised release. In 2015, about 7 in 10 persons under correctional supervision were supervised in the community compared to 3 in 10 incarcerated in state or federal or local prisons. If you looked at state and federal prisons that was estimated 1,526,800 vs local jails had 728,200. The reason for the decrease in the number of persons under correctional supervision in 2015 was due to a reduction in both the community supervision and incarcerated populations. The number of persons under supervision in the community fell by 62,300 to 4,650,900 in 2015. The decrease in those community supervision population numbers resulted from a decline in the probation population which was down 2.0 percent as the parole population was increased with a 1.5 percent. But since 2007 the community supervision population decreased by an annual average of 1.2 percent. In 2015 the number of offenders under community supervision declined to its lowest since observed in 2000. In 2000 the total correctional population was 6,467,800 which may have been closed to 2015 which had 6,741,400 but in 2005 it was at 7,055,600 which mean its raised and then went back down in 2010 and has stayed for awhile. While incarcerated totals are different. In 2000 it was at tits lowest 1,945,400 with 621,100 people incarcerated in local jails and 1,394,200 people in prison. In 2015 the totals were sitting at 2,173,800 with 728,200 people in local jails and 1,526,800 in prison. In 2013 that is when numbers started to decline since 2000 with numbers at 2,222,500 in total with 731,200 in local jails and 1,577,000 in the prison. However though with those numbers between 2007 and 2015 the people on probation were accounted for the majority of offenders under correctional supervision. In 2015 the decrease in probation, prison, and local jail populations led to the overall decline in the populations. The decline population for probation represented the larges share of offenders under correctional supervision. While between 2007 and 2015 the correctional population declined by 598,300 persons. It fell 503,200 representing a 84 percent of total decrease in the system.Fox Racing 456 Unknownzeeha456 Xielxs456
Part 1 Recidivism of Prisoners Released in 30 States in 2005: Patterns from 2005 to 2010. After reading all these tables on recidivism of prisoners in 30 states in 2005, we noticed that most of the people released were because of a drug crime at a whopping 128,767 people of the 404,638-total released. Prisoner were tracked for 5 years following release in 30 states. Some states were excluded from the specific measures of recidivism. The recidivism rates for males were higher for females, regardless the incarceration offense or the recidivism period. While 20.5 percent of released prisoners not arrested within two years of being released were arrested in the third year, and the percentage fell 13.3 percent among those who had not been arrested within 4 years. Within 5 years of being released, 82.1 percent of property offenders were arrested for a new crime, compared to 76.9 percent of drug offenders, 73.6 percent of public order offenders, and 71.3 percent of violent offenders. It is just shocking that to us that we are still putting over 120 thousand people in prisons for drug use. Some of the drugs we can understand, but we can bet that majority of these so-called drug offenses were for the marijuana usage and nothing super serious like heroin, crack, or meth. Characteristics of prisoners released in 12 states in 1994 and 2005. In 1994 91.2 percent were males and 8.8 percent were females. In 2005 89.9 percent were males and 10.1 percent were females. More Black/African American people that were released in both years was higher than the percent of white people released. They usual range ages 25-29. Younger released inmates were arrested at higher rates than older inmates. Property and drug crimes were both close those years. Also, we noticed that some of the assault count in the violent crimes was the highest. We do not know if the it is just us, but we feel like anyone under the violent crime category should not be let out to begin with because their crimes are more serious. The people were only put in 5 years before and are already being released. The more serious and dangerous the crime is should lead to life in prison of close to it. 47.9 percent of people who committed who was either involved in a murder or murdered someone(s) were released with 5 years. 51.2 percent of people released who was either involved in a homicide or acted alone was released within 5 years. Now why is that over half are getting released within 5 years? We can see how some of the other crimes such as burglary or fraud should be put into consideration due to whether or not to release them because those crimes are very serious. To think they were basically just handing out get of jail free cards for some of those serious crimes is scary to think about. People will start to think they can do it again and be out within 5 years. -Bears456 and CarlBaconWho456
Part 2 It will be a revolving door for some criminals also it will be a rinse and repeat process with those people, so we should look at each case before we just let people go back into the world acting like their crimes weren’t serious. To prove that we need to look more into allowing these people out we need to see that 76.6 percent of the people released ended up getting arrested for a new crime either more serious or less serious than the last in just 5 years after being released the first time. This just goes to show that our judges or the people releasing the inmates need to think more about how serious the case may have been and maybe put a longer sentence on them instead of an earlier release and we could have prevented the new crimes from occurring just 5 years later. They should also see if the inmate had received any help or did any programs in prison, so he or she will not be as big of a threat once released. We also noticed that further on it said that among the prisoners released for rape or sexual assault in the 30 states 5.6% were arrested again for rape or sexual assault within the 5 years of release. This just shows that we need to have a better look at some of the cases and how serious the crimes were or consider getting the people some better rehabilitation so they won’t go back out and assault or rape another helpless victim. If we can simply stop wasting our money bringing these people back into our prisons and spend it on better rehabilitation for them then we may see a decrease in people going into prisons multiple times for the same crime or worse than they had before. We spend more money keeping people in prison than we do getting the released inmates on the right path way of a year or two. Prisons are just simply wasting their money housing all of these inmates. An estimated 10.9 percent of released prisoners were arrested in a state other than the one that released them during the 5-year follow up period. A sixth of released prisoners were responsible for almost half of the nearly 1.2 million arrest that occurred also in the 5-year follow-up period. There are other ways to measure recidivism and they are people who return to prison, imprisonment, incarceration, adjudication, and conviction. Out of the 30 states in 2005 California had the highest released inmates of 107,633. Sex was used to stratify the sampling frame within each state. The longer the recidivism period also provides a more complete assessment of the number and type of crimes committed by released persons in the years following their release. Inmate recidivism increased with criminal history. An inmates prior criminal history was measured by the number of arrests found on their criminal history records prior to their date of release. -Bears456 and CarlBaconWho456
Part 4 The prison held a 12 percent and local jails held 9 percent populations which both contributed to the overall decrease in the correctional population with combing them at a 20 percent. But if you looked at parole population it was up 44,400 people which was an increase between 2007 and 2015. By 2015 the correctional supervision rate ended up dropping to the lowest rate since 1994. In the article it stated it peaked at 3,210 offenders per 100,000 us adult residents in 2007, the correctional supervision rate trended downward falling to a low of 2,710 per 100,000 in 2015. The drop in the correctional supervision rate was attributed equally to the decline in the United States correctional population. In 2015, the correction supervision rate fell to the lowest rate since 1994 when estimated 1.6 million fewer people were supervised by United States correction system. In the Methodology it states that the sources of data is statistics reported from the Bureau of Justice data collections. Each collection relies on the voluntary participation of federal, state, and local respondents. The Annual parole and probation survey collects data form United States probation and parole agencies that supervise adults. If juveniles were sentenced as adults in a criminal court then they would be grouped in with the adults. Juveniles under the jurisdiction of a juvenile court or correctional agency are excluded from data reports. The census of jails and the annual survey of jails. The annual survey of jails has collected data from a nationally representative sample of local jails every year since 1982. Jails are confinement facilities which are usually administered by a local law enforcement agency that are intended to hold adults, but may also hold youth age 17 or younger before or after they are adjudicated. The census of jails is designed to produce a complete enumeration of jail facilities in the United States. The data for census of jail inmates and of jail facilities was aimed to study the nations jail and their inmate populations. You’ll also have deaths in custody rates. Annual collection has to provide national, state, and incident level date on people who died while in the physical custody of state departments or jail jurisdictions nationwide. In 2000 under the reporting act of death in custody it was comprehensive information about deaths in adult correctional facilities. Jails were eventually requested to provide statistics as well as their populations and admissions. All jails were asked even if they didn't have any deaths to report to complete the annual survey forms that are sent out. There's also a National prisoner statistics program that collects data from the nations state departments of corrections and the federal bureau of prisons. The system distinguishes between prisoners in. Custody and prisoner under the jurisdiction of correction authorities. It says to have custody of a prisoner, a state or the BOP must hold that prisoner in one of its facilities. To have jurisdiction over a prison the state or BOP must have legal authority over that prisoner regardless of where the prisoner is incarcerated or supervised.Fox Racing456 Unknownzeeha456 Xielxs456
Part 5 The correctional population statistics have shown a decline since 2002, a larger decline was 2015. Credited for this decline was the fact that alot of the population was under correctional supervision. Such as community supervision. This caused the prison population to drop as well. Both of the populations for these have had their numbers in population drop. The community supervision offenders dropped to an all time low. 2015 was a targeted year for low numbers in the correction system, it marked for those in state, federal and local jails. Incarcerated population fell in state and federal as well. During the eight year period of 2007 and 2015, the majority of offenders under correctional supervision were probationers with prisoners representing less than one fourth of the correction population. Over half of the offenders under correctional supervision population was the probation population which was down during 2015. In this year the parole population had increased causing a decline in the correctional population. By the end of this year, the correctional supervision rate had dropped to a rate lower then the year 1994. This also marked a drop in the correctional population however it caused a rise in the resident population. Noting that less offenders were supervised by adult correctional system. These low rates for offenders also were reported for adult residents that were on probation or on parole by the end of the year 2015. A decline that was started as a high in the year 2007 gradually declining through until the year 2015. The incarceration rate has decreased since 2009 to the same rate as the year 1997 for those adults under jurisdiction in local jails and federal and state prison systems. How is it possible to know these statistics and numbers to account for the ability to track the population in the correctional population? Data is obtained through participation and information from federal, state and local systems which the Bureau of Justice collects. There are statistics collected for both adult and juveniles that have been sentenced as adults (not those under juvenile jurisdiction. There has been a Annual Probation and Parole survey which collects data from these agencies that supervise adults since 1980. Although other agencies such as the National Criminal Justice Information and Statistics Service charted parole in 1976 and probation in 1979. Surveys to account for the number of those entering and leaving supervised population. This information was obtained through these surveys across the continental United States by the participation of all the agencies involved. Just like the U.S Census, a survey is also on the U.S local jails. The data obtained by these report data on inmates held in a local facility as adults incarcerated under jail Jurisdiction to study the population of jails and their inmates. There is also a program that reports Deaths in Custody, this is a collection of statistics nation wide at all levels - local, state, and federal showing the number of people that have died while in the custody of a correctional facility. While it summarizes the counts of deaths it also gives data on the amount of population in each facility. Data is also collected from the nation's state and federal prison systems. This data shows the number of prisoners in custody under the jurisdictional correctional authorities. This shows the population and where they are all being held at in each different facility, accounting for even those who are out of their facility for a particular reason such as court, work release, etc. This also included those prisoners that are serving time at the age of 17 that are sentenced as adults. The Department of Defense also has a report that records data on prisoners held in military confinement facilities. A separate survey is done for those tribal facilities operated by the U.S Dept. of the Interior's Bureau of Affairs. FoxRacing456 Unknownzeeha456 Xielxs456
rest of Part 5. To avoid counting an offender twice such as offender serving probationers and parolees with multiple correctional statuses making the information being more detailed on the information they obtain. A formula was devised to provide the information on population of correctional supervision rate using two components to show the rate changing for adult population during a specific time frame. To account for the facilities without a response to the data collection the report would be estimated on information collected through other reports. FoxRacing456 Unknownzeeha456 Xielxs456
Part One: According to the article this group was assigned there has been a great overall decline (64%) in intimate partner violence between the years 1994-2010. Also there has been more than 60% decline for both males and females within that same time frame. Only question I would have with these statistics is how accurate are they when it comes to the US population as a whole. Also pointed out in this article was that most intimate partner violence was perpetrated against females,and it states that 85% of females were victims and the other 15% were males and they left the males information out to focus on the female because it was more so another question I wold have would that also affect the accuracy of the statistics. TJGirl456 Detective Stabler456
Part Two: Criminal Justice shows that prisoners are out numbered in a lot of ways. One is the number of inmates incarcerated for small crimes. These prisoners return do to lack of helpful living skills. Custody is the holding on inmates in facilities and institutions. Prisons house many of harden criminals such as rapist, murderers, sex offenders, and more. Long sentences are carried out from 1 to life. Inmates get housed to live out their punishments in security based facilities. Prisoners can get involved in successful treatment or just be there. Good prisoners get in education, choir, and work program. These three areas can make the sentence they have seem shorter. Work program can help for when they get released and look for jobs. Earning a degree is a positive look for when they get out of moving in the right direction. Choir is just a way while incarcerated to express themselves and stay active. Being able to successful use these skills once in the society again can help reduce return. Other looks in justice system can say we set prisoners up to fail. DetectiveStabler456 TJGirl456
Regarding recidivism of offenders placed on federal community supervision in 2005-2010, it was interesting to see the number patterns on how many offenders would potentially reoffend. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, law enforcement agencies were responsible for 76% of prior arrests of offenders placed on federal community supervision in 2005. Within one year of community placement supervision, 18% of the federal offenders had been arrested at least once. After the follow up period, around 43% of offenders were arrested. Almost half of the offenders who were released from federal prison were arrested within 5 years of being released. About 77% of offenders who were released from state prisons on community supervision had reoffended. During these years, there is a bit of a difference comparing offenders who are released from state and federal prisons. It seems as if offenders had reoffended more when being released from state prison compared to federal prison. I wonder what the correlation is and what the difference is that led some people to continue criminal activity and some who didn’t. I wonder if any rehabilitation services and resources were offered to certain offenders and if some were not and became a repeat offender because they didn’t get the help that they probably needed. There are people in prison who strongly deserve to stay in there but there are a lot of people who just need the proper resources to maybe cure their drug addictions or mental health problems. I think our society needs to take these things more serious because it’s real and it’s happening all over and I think it will only get worse and crimes could potentially increase because of these specific risk factors. More options should be made available for prisoners while they are incarcerated because it gives them something to look forward to and gives them a purpose to do good in life and possibly help other offenders who are going through the same things. -PizzaLover456
Aging of the State Prison Population 1993-2013
ReplyDeletewww.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/aspp9313_Sum.pdf - 16k - 2016-05-25
PART 1
After reading this article the main point that stuck out right away was that inmates who are fifty five or older; their prison population increased by four hundred percent in just twenty years, while the overall population only increased by fifty five percent. When looking at the graph in figure one it was noted that from 1993 to 2003 the population of inmates fifty five and older was steadily increasing, but from 2003 to 2013 there seems to be a higher increase. Also looking at the graph from 2003 to 2013 the population of inmates who are thirty nine and younger actually decreased and the population of those forty to fifty four had a slower increase than those who were fifty five and older. Another fact that caught me by surprise was that women in all categories had a higher incarceration rate than men from 1993 to 2013. When looking at figure seven in the article, only one of the bars was decreasing and it was the men aged thirty nine and younger from 2003 to 2013. While reading through the article and seeing the prisoners who were fifty five and older had the highest percentage of inmates every year for violent crimes. You would think that the younger age would have a higher rate because they do more crimes and their brains are not finished developing until about age thirty. It was also noticed that most of the inmates who are in prison for drug offenses are in the middle age groups, but I would have thought that more younger aged people would get arrested for drugs. When looking at ages and race, we still face the fact that more blacks and Hispanics are being incarcerated than whites, and it does not matter what age category they are in. Could it be that the main reason we have a higher age population in prison is because someone in their twenties or thirty may be convicted of rape or murder and may be sentenced to life or to spend thirty years in prison, while now the people in their twenties and thirties today are getting arrested for drugs and getting lesser time. While looking at the crimes committed and the age groups for every decade, all ages have decreased in most violent crimes, except for crimes like robbery and assault those are the only categories where crime has increased every decade. When looking at the percent of those released after serving ten years it was surprising to see that the ones who were fifty five and older had more than doubled for those who were released from 1993 to 2013. illini456, country 456, ~myhearseisnotafuneralcar456~
PART2
DeleteWhen reading that the number of inmates who were serving less than six months or less than twelve months had decreased for all age group was shocking. We are starting to give more time for crimes that may not be that bad or may cause much harm. If we start locking people up for longer times while they only do little petty crimes then we are not teaching them anything.
The fact that the ages of inmates has gone up is not really alarming. Also, one main question was this study done with people that have been incarcerated already or are these new people being sentenced at these ages. Maybe there is a direct correlation with the fact that we were beginning to incarcerate more people and for longer than we used to in the past. This is also the time frame that we started the war on drugs, three strikes law and harsher punishments and sentences. In 2013 the oldest offenders were serving life or on death row. 35 percent of 29,100 prisoners 65 or older were in three largest prisons (13% in California, 12% in Texas and 9% in Florida.) These prisoners only made up 3 percent of the total prison population. The stats for male prisoners 65 and older were 61% non-Hispanic white, 23% non-Hispanic black, and 15% Hispanic verses women at 73% white 18% black and only 8% Hispanic. The fact that blacks 55 and older jumped 150 percent from 2003 to 2013 is insane. The distribution for black, whites, and Hispanics inmates showed different patterns of change in this time frame. The rates for these groups ages 40 to 54 and 55 and older doubled, mainly in the blacks and Hispanics. (The ratio of Blacks to Hispanics inmates being 98,300 to 37,100.) From 2003 – 2013 prison growth of inmates 40 – 54 slowed while 55 and older increased twice over the years illini456, country 456, ~myhearseisnotafuneralcar456~
PART3
DeleteTo think about why the ages Increase with the amount of inmates being a certain age there could be some speculation of how old were these inmates when they were initially incarcerated? If we look at that that might explain to as why our prisoners are older and have the higher incarceration rates. So let’s say you were 35 when you were incarcerated back in 1993 and you have to spend oh about 40 years in prison. Well by 2013 you are now 55 you are still incarcerated. So technically it is not that older people are committing these crimes it’s that the studies are being duplicated. Our prison system is extremely corrupt they need to make it look like there are more crimes being committed then what there really is so they can have more money. It’s always about the money regardless if it’s a prison or a church. Come on how does Joel Osteen have three mansions being a priest. Seriously think about it crime rate should be going down for those who are above the age 55 not up. How often are you going to see grandpa Mario trying to rob a bank or something? That would be expected from young Mario he will be quicker. Grandpa Mario would need to be concerned about breaking a hip or something in that matter. We do need more detailed information on as to why our incarceration rates are going up? Because the way it looks is someone is double dipping from the same cookie jar.
The graphs in the report were informative as to the stats and helping to understand the dramatic changes during the time frame, but there wasn’t a lot of information as to why these increases are rising. There are stipulations and thoughts as to why they happened. illini456, country 456, ~myhearseisnotafuneralcar456~
It's honestly very surprising how much the population of inmates over fifty-five or older has increased by such a drastic increase. It's also interesting how people thirty-nine and younger are being incarcerated at a decreasing rate. We agree with you though how someone above fifty-five may have been in there for thirty plus years on a rape or murder charge, it's not as if they're being admitted into the facilities at that age. It's true that we'd think that the younger generations would be getting arrested and charged for drug related crimes. We were also shocked by the fact that the number of people serving less than 12 months has decreased since we've been handing out jail sentences here and there for small or petty crimes. You're completely right when you say that all they want is money and that's why they're making it seem like more people are being incarcerated when honestly that's not the case.
DeleteFoxracing456, Unknownzeeha456, Xielxs456
We were very suprised by the fact that the amount of people serving misdemeanors has decreased as much as it has. It's also strange that the population over 55 has increased. As the group above stated, we agree that prisons are very greedy. It seems as if we are running a company instead of rehabilitating criminals. Prisons want people to be arrested for petty stuff, because that one prisoner is a fifty thousand dollar check. Lastly, we couldn't believe that younger generations are being arrested less. Our generation seems to be more and more immature and criminal than those before us. I imagined the average group for prisoners would be those between 18-35 as most criminal justice classes have taught us that people generally age out of crime. Although some things are not 100 percent clear, it is obvious that our corrections system is corrupt.
DeleteNightTrain456, LowAndSlow456, Shark456
It was very shocking how people who is fifty five and over is still being incarcerated. It really go to us how the numbers for them ages is still increasing. We also agree how it's unfair blacks and Hispanics are being imprison more than whites. But to conclude you guys made some very valid points in this article that stood out and should be fixed now before it get worse. Savage456 Swaggy456 CoffeeAddict456
DeleteHIV in Prisons, 2015 – Statistical Tables
ReplyDeletehttps://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/hivp15st.pdf
PART 1
After reading this article I am in amazement of how many people are sitting in prison with some sort of sexually transmitted disease. However, in this article it only talked about the number of prisoners with HIV and AIDS. At the end of 2015 they calculated that the number of people incarcerated that are living with HIV was 17,150, this was a decrease of the year before, 2014 of 17,740. That is a huge decline. If this means that we are not putting as many people in jail or if there are less people with HIV, I am not sure. HIV cases in between single years differed 6.9%. State prisoners who had HIV had an estimated decline of 9,300. Per 100,000 prisoners in custody, the rate for HIV is 2,231 in state and federal correctional facilities. Surprisingly the year of 2015 there was a big decline of convicts living with HIV. With the rate blowing my mind at 1,297 per 100,000, this is the lowest they have ever seen the rates during the 25-year period of collecting data on prisoners living with HIV. There were a lot more male convicts with HIV then there were females. With the number of male prisoners with HIV sitting at 15,920, and female convicts with HIV sitting at 1,220. This is also another fact from the article that was socking to me.
In 1991, 520 state prisoners died from AID related causes. Thankfully the number of deaths has overall declined since 1995 with very few spurts of an uphill climb in-between. In 2015 there was a record low number of 45 AID related deaths since data collection had started. Among state prisoners 44 males and 1 female die from AIDS in 2015. The year before it was 61 males and 3 females in 2014 died from AID related causes. As for race goes, 38 black,21 white, and 3 Hispanics state prisoners died for AID Related Causes In 2014. Between the years of 2010 and 2014 the number of AID related deaths for black people has fluctuated from a high of 44 people in 2010 to a low of 23 people. in 2015. age was another surprising factor that I read in this article. In 2015 64% of the aid related deaths where prisoners from the ages 45 and up. Ages 55 and older was actually higher than the people that died from the ages of 45 and up. The people that died that were 55 and older was 11 per 100,000 people. Statistic include the counts of prisoners by their jurisdictions, sex, race, etc. I would think that they would perhaps leave out the jurisdiction part and just go with race and sex. The article states the “nonreporting jurisdiction falls into four categories, missing data at either end of the collection period, missing data in all years except the first year of data collection. Missing data in the most recent reporting year, and missing data that fell in between years in which data was reported.” There are certain equations in which are used to calculate the missing information a lot of the equations go off the numbers of the previous years. -Thunder456, -M.Scott456
PART2
DeleteI was stunned that there are a lot of prisoners who are in the custody of state and federal correctional authorities who were known to be living with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus, is a virus that attacks the immune system. If untreated, a person’s immune system will eventually be completely destroyed). The Numbers: There are 17,150 estimated prisoners who are living with HIV at yearend 2015, which is lower compared to 17,740 in 2014 and 17,680 in 1991. 2015 was the first year that the count of prisoners with HIV went down since 1991, the year where the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) first started collecting the annual HIV data. Since the data collection, the estimated state prisoners went down from 24,190 in 1998 to 15,610 in 2015, which is good but during the same period, the federal prison population grew from 1,066 to 1,536. The rate of HIV per 100,000 in 1991 was 2,231 and 1,297 per 100,000 in 2015 which was the lowest rate observed during the 25-year period. Death Count: In 1991, there are a total of 520 state prisoners that died from AIDS-related causes (AIDS is not a virus but a set of symptoms or syndrome caused by the HIV virus). In 2015 the reported count of prisoners who died of AIDS-related causes was 45. On the other hand, BJS first obtained federal death data was in 1999, which is 16 AIDS-related causes and 1 in 2015 (higher was in 2005 with 27 and 0 in 2014). The findings of this data were remarkable which includes data from 50 states and the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP), through BJS’s National Prisoners Statistics (NPS) Program, which provides the prisoner count, the death rate of prisoners who are living with HIV and causes of death. I believe that the number of deaths of AIDS-related and HIV was declining because of The Center for Disease Control and Prevention which is HIV screening.
Since 2009, the CDC recommends HIV screening at the time of admission for prisoners entering a correctional facility. How it works? Well, state and the Federal Bureau of Prison informed the prisoners that an HIV screening will be given and test will be performed unless the inmate decline. Each state is different, not all inmates were told that HIV testing is available, but were tested if they requested one. Since 2015, as part of prison intake process, 15 states reported mandatory HIV testing and 17 states offered opt-out HIV testing. 41 States reported testing those in custody, 37 states report testing when prisoners involved in incident, and 18 states offered HIV testing during routine medical exams. There are 20 states that report testing practice during discharge process. In 2015, there are an estimated 15,920 male prisoners and 1,220 female prisoners having HIV. A huge decline between 2010-2015, male prisoners down by 2,590 and 560 to female prisoners. The AIDS-related mortality rate between 2010-2015 among state prisoners ranged from 4 to 6 deaths per 100,000 and 4 deaths per 100,000 persons in federal custody. The report also states the gender, race, and age of deaths among prisoners.
In 2015, there are 44 males and 1 female died from AIDS-related causes in state prisoners. 23 non-Hispanic black, 18 non-Hispanic white, and 2 Hispanic. 64% of AIDS-related deaths occurred among state prisoners age 45 and older. The mortality rate among those age 55 and older (11 per 100,000) was higher than ages 44 to 54 (6 per 100,000). Since the start of HIV data collection, the BJS report was focus on changes in HIV infection and AIDS-related deaths. Overall, there are larger of percentage of person in 2015 that are admitted in states the offered opt-out and mandatory testing. Which I believe is good for a reason that those prisoners can be given help and treated if needed and they want it. -Thunder456, -M.Scott456
Along with you I too am amazed by the amount of people sitting in jail with a sexually transmitted disease, but then again I would think that sexually transmitted diseases would be transmitted more inside prisons and jails. I was actually surprised that the number of people with HIV decreased from 2015. I agree that thankfully the numbers of these cases are decreasing at historic rates. I was surprised with age of the prisoner being a big factor of aids related deaths. The fact the prisoners ages 55 and up where the most affected by aids is shocking I would think that aids related deaths would occur more often in your prisoners especially younger than 55. I agree with you I would think they would leave out the jurisdiction part as well. I think that the missing data and the way they calculate the data could be done differently to get a better result and more accurate information.
DeleteNightTrain456
Along with both of you, I was baffled by the number of people sitting in jails or prisons living with HIV. It's crazy to think that in 2015 there were 17,150 inmates living with this disease. But if there were over seventeen thousand people with HIV it makes you wonder how many people in prisons are suffering from any other sexually transmitted disease. It's good to see that there has been a decrease in HIV related deaths but the number of people dying in prisons and jails from it is still so high. We were also shocked to see that there were over twenty-four thousand inmates with HIV in 1998. It's nice to see that there are states that require HIV testing for prisoners because it could be a way to keep other inmates from being infected with the illness. I do think that it'd be easy and somewhat common for diseases like this to be spread from inmate to inmate but hopefully, if more states make HIV testing mandatory things like the spread of illnesses like HIV wouldn't occur.
DeleteXIelxs456
I feel that in a way this article relates to the one I had. It was about recidivism, and I think that even people infected with transmitted diseases have an effect on the recidivism rate. I think this links with recidivism because people can be infected by HIV/AIDS for such reasons as sharing needles. If we can reduce the number of people being affected by informing people who already have AIDS/HIV while they are in prison, and try to steer them in a better path even though they have a disease that cannot be cured. They may in turn share the information, and maybe even become an activist for such people. If we just treat them like every other prisoner give them medication, yard time, and etc. Then they'll leave prison the same most likely the same end up back in prison and maybe even adding on to the numbers of people infected. McBrightyalife 456
DeleteI also cannot believe the number of people in prison with sexually transmitted diseases. It is very sad and the fact that is a hard thing to kind of prevent I believe really informing the ones already affected in order to make sure they are being safe and protecting other people the rate may go down. Now I believe all prisoners should get tested when they get to prison in order to prevent any and everything which is avoiding a problem before it happens, if they do this and inform the ones already affected that could possibly cut down the rate. I also believe in rehabilitating inmates while they are in prison which when they get out of prison they will try and be better people and fit back into society. This could also help the disease rate as I stated before.
Deleteswaggyy456
Correctional Populations in the United States,2015
ReplyDeletehttps://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=5870
PART 1
This article on the correctional population, in 2015, of our country, was very interesting to read about. We found it very engrossing, to see how the population of individuals, in the United States, fluctuates so much from year to year. For example, the article states that at the end of 2015 there were an estimated 6,741,400 people under the U.S adult correctional system's supervision. This number was over 100,000 people fewer than the year before. Another staggering statistic pulled from the article is that at the end of 2015 one out of every thirty-seven adults were under some form of correctional supervision. One out of every thirty-seven, that may seem like such a large percentage of citizens but what makes this statistic even more surprising is that that rate observation was the lowest since 1994 when the ratio was one in every thirty-eight.
We found it interesting that over half of the people under correctional supervision were not in prisons or jails but on probation or parole. At the end of 2015, there were 3,789,800 people on probation and another 870,500 individuals on parole out of the whopping 6,741,400 people under correctional supervision in total.
There's been a steady decrease in the number of people not only in facilities but under any type of supervision. We believe this decrease could be from the practice of crime deterrence or how crime and policing has been portrayed in the media. In all honesty, we were quite stunned to see that the number of people incarcerated and under other forms of correctional supervision has gone down seeing as the number of individuals in the system seems so high.
Foxracing456, Unknownzeeha456. Xielxs456
PART 2
DeleteAnother interesting statistic we found in our article is that between 2007 and 2015, the United States correctional population has dropped by over 598,000 persons. The number of people on probation in the United States fell by 503,200 which accounted for 84% of the total decrease. While probation accounted for nearly all of the drop that means that the drop in inmates in jails and prisons only represented less than a quarter of the decrease.
As stated earlier 2015 had the lowest rate in citizens under the supervision of the criminal justice system since 1994. Our country peaked at 3,210 offenders for every 100,000 adults in 2007. After yearend in 2007 was when we started to see a drop, at year end of 2015 was when we saw the lowest ratio which was 2,650 offenders per 100,000 adult residents. This drop was attributed to the decline in U.S. correctional population and the increase in the United States adult resident population, this was when the number of people under supervision dropped about 1.6 million. What stood out to us about this ratio is that of the 2,650 offenders, 1,870 of them were either on probation or parole which was also the lowest rate of offenders under community supervision since 1993.
As we can see, over half of the people accounted for in this ratio are under the jurisdiction of state or federal prisons, or in the custody of local jails. From the 2,650 offenders per 100,000 people, 870 of them were in these facilities which was the same rate as in 1997.
What we've gathered from this article was that there has been a solid, steady decrease in the number of individuals under the United States correctional supervision. What stood out to us the most is how this drop wasn't just in the number of citizens in jails and prisons but was also seen among people on probation and parole. Overall, this article was extremely interesting to read through, to see how much this drop can vary year to year.
Foxracing456, Unknownzeeha456. Xielxs456
Part I
ReplyDeleteOur article title was Recidivism of Prisoners Released in 30 states in 2005: Patterns from 2005 to 2010. It basically showed plenty of graphs and gave a lot of facts about who, when, and why they've been arrested as well as the chance of them returning to prison based on studies shown. I think that the recidivism rate of prisoners should fall back on the prison from which the offender was held. It sounds crazy but I think every sentence should come with some sort of obligation the defendant must fulfill before they are arrested. It should be based on the crime committed by the offender and should overall work towards improving the individual, and issues that may tie into such criminal behavior. For example if someone goes to jail for selling drugs, some sort of requirement to interact with someone whose had a major impact on their life due to being dealt drugs.They should also have to write a reflection of how this affected the individual, some how try to make it personally concern the individual. For example say someone may not care about others but when it comes to a close friend or family member the tables may turn. I think this approach would even work for people committing property crimes because people committing property crimes have higher recidivism rates as well as drug users. We know for a fact those type of people are more likely to re offended because most of the time they're alone and may have already drowned out all of their resources. I think as American citizens we should make it our duty to try to reform people into productive citizens. All of this goes back to money as long as people are still committing crimes the police have jobs. As long as people are getting arrested taxpayers are paying their taxes into prison facilities, and as long as people are being brought before the judge the judges always have jobs and increase. I think we've become so upset with money and power that we've forgot even what the meaning of justice is. I think the recidivism rates proves this to be true. Black males and females have higher rates than white males and females. It also showed that younger people have higher recidivism rates than older people. It all starts at home and I feel like if it cant be done there and we wont help out on the streets crime is going to continue because most of the people that commit crimes have a reason for doing it even those that do so for fun, there is always a reason. As long as we are locking people up and keeping them in jail, the recidivism rate is going to continue to go up because most likely it comes from lack of knowledge or love. If we are not going to sit down and look for issues to end recidivism then what is the purpose of locking people up in the first place. I'm definitely not saying that jails or prisons aren't needed but just simply the fact that some may be abusing their power. The fact that violent crimes, property crimes, and drug crimes are the main offenses in which people end up returning to prison exemplifies the fact that we are not doing enough to make sure they do not return. If we are so willing to put so much money towards incarceration, parole, and probation. What is the issue with instead spending money on treatment, education, and some type of check up program similar to probation but not as tense to ensure the individual is staying on the right track. I really feel like something can and will be done to change this because it costs more money to take care of a non productive criminal rather than help change someone into a productive member of society. I didn't say it was easy but it can definitely be done with the right people at hand. McBrightyalife456.
I do agree with you that recidivism will continue to go up, most likely for a reason that while inmates are serving their time they are not being introduced some treatments and education to help them understand the crime they did was wrong. And I think that there are higher rates of recidivism to Black males and females than White males and females, and higher recidivism to younger people than older people for a reason that our government does not have enough organizations and programs to help them to be a responsible citizen. Let us be real that we want people who committed a crime to be behind bars, but at the same time, we complain that it cost us as a taxpayer. I believe that we can help them not to repeat the same crime they did by spending government and taxpayers resources to some programs that will reintroduce them to society as a better citizen. -M.Scott456
Deleteyes recidivism will always go up. why? because once we release an inmate we release them back out to the world with nothing. They have no money, no job, sometimes they don't even have a place to live or go. If they need medication they have no way to afford it. yes it cost money for them to stay in the system as well as it does for them to get back on their feet. I think part of the reason on why they end up back in the system is because they have no means to be able to take care of themselves. They were taken care of in prison they didn't quite have to pay for their necessities on their own they had all kinds of assistance. If we could help them get jobs and put them up in some type of housing they might not end back up in prison. ~myhearseisnotafuneralcar456~
DeleteI agree with what your saying it seems like we are treating the symptoms and not trying to cure the disease. The symptoms being the crime and the disease being what is driving criminals to keep doing crime. I think the best way to sell the type of initiative your talking about is to explain it to the public from a financial standpoint. Most people aren't going to care that the prison's are filling up and that most people who get out of prison are just going to end up going back. Also most people are not into helping out people who have committed crime. They will care though if we can explain that it is costing the people way more money to not help the people in prison get on their feet and turn them into productive citizens.
Delete-CoffeeAddict456
I could not agree more with what you said about this article. By reading what you have to say it really sparks my interest to perhaps read this article myself. As for what you said I to be leave that some sort of system should be made up to check on these people after leaving jail or prison. Like you said maybe not something as strict or as harsh as probation or parole but I would have to say that we could use something in that nature. I also think that as long as we are as tough on crime as we are now there is always going to be a high demand for the many kinds of jobs that you listed, such as cops, judges, and many more. As the years go on however I do thank that the stats will come up with something to help the ex-convicts stay out of jail and prison and stay out of trouble on the streets. I really enjoyed reading your way of thinking and comparing it to my way of thinking about the same thing. -Thunder456
DeletePart 1
ReplyDeleteAccording to the article that was assigned to our group the incarcerated population in 2015 was the smallest it has been since the year 2005. Since the year 2013 the incarceration population has been steadily decreasing. This is not for just one category, the federal and state prisons in 2015 seen a vast decrease in those two years as well. Many of the states are giving prisoners with shorter sentences good time credit to reduce their sentence. Some other states have adopted diversionary techniques, including specialty courts, substance abuse treatment to help inmates when they are freed from prison or jail. I think that these programs are necessary for the prisoners and the reason that these prisoners aren't reoffending once they return to society. If these programs weren't put into place then I think we would see a increase of prisoners in that two year span instead of a decrease. I think that the substance abuse treatment and other drug programs are helping addicts stay clean when they get out of jail or prison. This is especially relevant for women since they are mostly arrested on drug charges. I think that it is smart that states like California are reducing property and drug offenses to a misdemeanor from a felony. I think that if every state would do this that we would see a decrease in incarceration rates very quickly. According to this article the imprisonment rate was at an all time low in 2015, the lowest it has been since 1997. This is very shocking to me that the imprisonment rate was on a steady increase for almost twenty years. This also states that one percent of adult males living in the United States were serving prison sentences longer than one year. With the imprisonment rates being the way they are now I would think that this percentage would be higher than what it was. I think that it is important to add that the imprisonment rate had decreased for all races from 2014 to 2015. The reason I say it is important is that not just one race is affecting the outcome of these statistics. To me it is astonishing that 11% of the federal prison population is 55 or older only serving one year or more. I would think that this number would be lower since crime tends fade out as you mature, but this could be part of the effects from tough on crime laws that took place in the 1980’s and 1990’s when these prisoners were young and sentenced to a lengthy prison sentence. The statistics that stood out to me the most was the one about violent crimes. More than half of the prisoners in state prisons are incarcerated due to violent crimes. Of the half serving time for violent crimes about one-fifth of those were serving time for rape and murder. As for federal prisons half of their inmates are serving time for drug offenses. Many of these inmates have other charges like a weapon charge or immigration crimes.
NightTrain456, LowAndSlow456, Shark 456
Part Two
DeleteOur groups article was title Prisoners in 2015 from the Bureau of Justice Statistics. This article describes different rates between increases and decreases in the prison system in the United States. There were a number of statistics that not only shocked me, but really made me realize the state of our prison system. As most of the class knows, America is the most jailing country in the world, as we lock people up daily. I feel like each and every year we consistently hear that crime rates are going up and that would mean more people are being locked up. This article has shown me that 2015 was the year that defied this belief. According to the Department of Justice, crime decreased more than two percent from 2014. This is also the lowest amount of people we have had incarcerated since 2005. Fourteen thousand prisoners less than in 2014. A few different reasons for this are that states are trying to reduce punishment on some crimes. California has taken a turn to have people serve jail time, community service, or probation instead of spending time in prison. California also has created a law named Provision 47 which turns some felonies like property and drug charges into misdemeanors. Substance abuse, specialty court, and new programs are enacted to reduce the rate of recidivisim in an effort to reduce prison population and increase public safety. The lowering prison rates is most seen in federal prisons, which accounts for fourty percent of the overall two percent decline. Only 18 states in 2015 had increased in prison population. A huge difference in population versus now is women. Only seven percent of the overall population was made up of females. Illinois as an example has 48,000 people incarcerated as of 2014. Out of these 48,000, 45,000 were males. This article has really opened up my eyes, and I feel more comfortable knowing that crime is not nearly as bad as I believed.
NightTrain456, LowAndSlow456, Shark 456
Part 3Our criminal justice system reported that 2015 was one of the less incarcerated year for prisoners in the United States. In 2015 they were giving shorter sentences because time in a half would reduce their sentence. But today a person in prison for multiple offenses is reported only for the most serious offense so there are people in prison for violent offenses whose time in prison is extended that they were also convicted of a drug offense. Almost all convictions are the result of plea bargains, where people plead guilty to a lesser offense. Then the youth in our juvenile justice system too many are there for a serious offense that is not even a crime. There are almost 10,000 children behind bars for violations of their probation, rather than for a new offense. Because more and more kids are runaways or their parents are in prison or jail and thats all they know. There are so many different amounts and categories of people who are locked up for different reasons and they all have their own numbers and facts. There are 19,000 people in federal prison in 2015 from immigration violating laws. Violent laws was one of the biggest amount of prisoners in 2015 with 700,000 inmates and drug laws were only 200,000 which makes sense because people with drug offenses weren't receiving the harsh sentencing violent men and women were. But in 2017 today it is flipped where drug offenses in our criminal justice system are the worst for the worst which is completely wrong in our system. No I don't understand why some one selling or smoking marijuana gets 20+ life but some one who rapes or murders someone gets 15 in some states and in 2015 most states had the Capital offense and inmates would be put to death which if it was still around numbers would be decreased. But most prisons are worried about the numbers of inmates in their prisons but more of them don't have enough staff and it has been shown that prisons with less staff have had more incidents with inmates and guards. They also don't get funded enough to have programs in order for the inmates to get rehabilitated so they don't come back to prison. But the numbers from 2015 have changed in large amounts with the population growing overpopulation has already began.
DeleteNightTrain456, LowAndSlow456, Shark 456
It is nice to see and hear that the incarceration population is steadily decreasing. We agree with you guys that those programs are necessary for prisoners because it helps them out for when they finally get released. It will help them with what they missed out on learning due to being in prison. Programs should be in all prisons, not just a select few. It will help them get on the right path and not want to return to prison. We like how California turns some felonies into misdemeanors. Everyone makes mistakes and who would want that on their record forever. They could be a totally different person than they were at 16-19 when they were caught with drugs and received a felony; they will be turned down for so many opportunities. Yes, a misdemeanor might still have people be turned down, but we do not think they will be turned down for as many. We do not understand why drug crimes and being considered the worse crimes in our justice system. Marijuana is about to be legal in all states, so what are they going to do then? It just blows our minds that drugs are our justice systems main concern instead of murder and more serious crimes like that.
Delete-Bears456 and CarlBaconWho456
Title- Disabilities among Prison and Jail Inmates, 2011-2012
ReplyDeletePart1
I found a lot of things pretty interesting in this report. It was pretty shocking to see that about 3 in 10 state and federal prisoners and 4 in 10 local jail inmates reported having at least one disability. Also, in the report it states “about 40% of females and 31% of males in prison and 49% of females and 39% of males in jail reported a disability. I agree with these stats I believe there very accurate because women have more emotions than men do mentally and physically. Women suffer more with independent living than men do because they don’t have more physical strength to do things on their own. When viewing different types of disabilities through the criminologist perspective of course people with disabilities are likely to commit crimes. One thing that can be argued and I agree with is that most people with disabilities they can’t really control their actions and it’s sad how they get incarcerated for that. For example, people with cognitive should have some lead way because with having that disabilities majority of the people can not concentrate, remember what they did, or the decisions they made. With that being said people with that type of disability can’t really control their actions.
Furthermore, I believe we should be doing something to help these inmates out instead of trying to provide them with just basic needs we need to be taking an extra mile to help them especially the ones with the disabilities. Instead of prisons or jails not helping them they should be using that money to make sure the inmates is getting the proper treatments they need and make sure they is carefully watched. You never know what people go through and what the disabilities they have can lead into something much more bigger. Another thing is prisoners with disabilities should be treated as well. According to the report prison and jail inmates with a disability were more likely to report past 30-day serious psychological distress than inmates without disabilities. So basically, should we as a society step up and make sure they’re getting the help they need? Especially if it’s coming from our taxes. Lastly I thought it was a good idea to do the screening for serious psychological distress. Reasoning people it can determine the health problem of an inmate and the type of risk they at.
In conclusion, In this article it shows a lot of accurate and shocking data about prisoners and jail inmates and the different type of disabilities and how they all work out. I expected women rates to be higher than men anyways especially the ones who reported to having a disabilities due to fact of the situations they in. But, my whole thing is I can agree with the criminologist perspective on why crimes is happening because of their disabilities but then again majority of them can’t control their actions. Overall I think people in prisons or jails need more rehabilitation before and after being release so they won’t go back and go through that same process. Savage456,
Part 2 I think it is interesting that the reported rates of disabilities among prisoners and jail inmates is so much higher then outside civilians. When I look at it from a criminologists point of view because this could be a big reason why some people commit crime and some don't. It can be argued that someone with cognitive or mental disorders might not show the same level of control that someone without these disorders would in a high stress situation, which leads them to make bad choices. Cognitive disorders were the most commonly reported disabilities with 2 in 10 prisoners and 3 in ten jail inmates supposedly having cognitive disorders. So is a portion of these prisoners/inmates completely at fault for what they have done wrong? Does this mean we as a society should be more open to mental illness cases in courts which would allow these people to get the treatment they need instead of just locking them up? When inside prison or jail should psychological treatment be something to consider instead of just the bare essentials like feeding the inmates 2000 calories a day and such.
DeleteThis article has some relation to the video we watched on Thursday about women in prison and how a lot of them a victims themselves in a way. I believe if these statistics are true then it shows a large population of prisoners and inmates are victims in certain ways and that punishment should not be the only concern when dealing with these prisoners/jail inmates. Rehabilitation should be an important concern so that these people can due their time and get out of prison and go on to live their lives and contribute to society.
I mentioned above about the statistics legitimacy and I only do that just because of the limitations of the survey data box on page 2. One thing about the limitations that bothered me was that all the data was self-reported and not verified against medical records or diagnostic data. Unless I am misunderstanding this it seems like all these people who were interviewed and given surveys all self diagnosed themselves which brings up issues. Some issues could be that inmates and prisoners were lying to get some type of benefits (this is always a question brought up when mental illness pleas are made in court). From a criminologists point of view I liked the article and think that the continued study of the psyche of jail inmates/prisoners should continue so that we can find out more about why people commit crime.
-CoffeeAddict456
Part 3 When I first started reading this article I was automatically shook after reading the first couple sentences. When the article stated that in 2011-2012, 3 in 10 prisoners in federal prisons and 4 in 10 in local jails went in with a disability I could not believe it. That statistic is mind blowing honestly especially knowing there are prisons that do not provide proper healthcare in order to help these inmates which is crazy. Women more often go to prison with a mental disability over men and those were pretty high too, 40% females and 31% males. I agree that women have a higher in prison with a disability percentage than males just for the simple fact that’s why a lot of women in prison normally commit suicide. After in class watching the women in prison video it also caused me to believe and agree with this even more because a lot of those women really do go through a struggle. For example the woman that was bipolar that attempted murder multiple times could not help herself even though she was really smart her disability prevented her from going where she needed to go.Some women are manipulated because of their significant other which is due to being controlled by a love one and after watching their video what stuck out to me most was at the end when she asked the reporter why are women portrayed in the media when they are incarcerated so negatively which is very deep. Thinking of women in prison really upsets me because as a girl I can only imagine what they are going through emotionally and thinking of mothers in prison who do not get to raise their children breaks my heart. So after reading this article it only made me think of how much more they struggle and things like that. I am not ignoring at all the fact that men are in prison with disabilities too which also causes a lot of problems and even more violence in their prisons.
DeleteSwaggyy456 Savage456 Coffeeaddict456
Part The First:
ReplyDeleteAccording to the National Survey of Drug Use and Health, over a period of three years from 2007 to 2009, only 5% of the general adult population within the United States met the criteria for drug use or dependence. That percentage is dwarfed by the same statistics but within state prisons and jails. A study done by the National Inmate Surveys found that 58% of state prisoners met the same criteria as previously stated, and that 63% of sentenced jail inmates also met these criteria. These are staggering numbers, and they exclude the use of alcohol and nicotine. I suspect if alcohol were included in these numbers, they would jump upwards by a large percentage. What’s more, 7 out of 10 females in state prisons or jail met the same criteria for drug dependence or abuse, as compared to 6 out of 10 males. Of all races and genders within the system, prisoners and jail inmates are twelve times more likely to meet the criteria for drug dependence or abuse than the general adult population. That’s the epitome of irony. The corrections branch of the criminal justice system is designed to correct faulty citizens. It’s in the name. It seems, though, that according to statistics, the opposite is occurring. Or rather, had occurred during the period of 2007 until 2009. While we can’t deduce that going to a state prison or jail will likely make you drug dependent or abusive, we can safely assume that the corrections system isn’t helping drug dependent or abusive inmates to overcome their addictions.
Of the 58% of state prisoners and 63% of sentenced jail inmates, only 28% of prisoners and 22% of jail inmates participated in a drug treatment program while inside the system. The report doesn’t specify whether the low participation numbers are due to involuntary prisoners and inmates, or if they’re due to a lack of monetary assets. Those participation numbers seem dismal, however, they’re a lot happier than the statistics for the general adult population of the United States. According to this report, only 11% of the general adult population in the United States participated in a drug treatment program. It’s safe to assume, then, that while our corrections system isn’t producing the numbers we want it to, it’s still making a slight improvement in drug treatment.
What’s also interesting is the fact that inmates incarcerated for a property offense were more likely to meet the criteria for drug dependence or abuse. This makes sense when you think about it. If you’re a serious opiate user or such, you’ve probably lost your job or quit your job in order to get high full-time. If you can’t get your hands on some cash, you won’t be able to fund your drug habit. It makes sense then, that inmates convicted of a property offense would be more likely to have a drug problem. They need to buy their drugs somehow. I think that the system needs to step it up in order to control drug use within the corrections system. The trade and use of drugs, especially within an environment like prison, can lead to potentially violent behavior. Prisons are already voluntarily segregated by race, the black people hang out with other black people, the whites with white people, etc. This just promotes gang activity, and when you add drug trade into the mix, gangs will conflict whether it be about territory or maybe one gang exclusively sells methamphetamines but another gang is starting to do so. Drug use within prisons and jails can only lead to the further addition of problems within the correction system and it needs to be curbed better, primarily through the addition and improvement of drug treatment programs. -TheTurk456
Drug Use, Dependence, and Abuse Among State Prisoners and Jail Inmates
DeletePart The Second
These statistics are undoubtedly shocking to the layman, after all, a rate of drug addiction that is not merely double, but twelve times that of the national average is nothing to treat casually! However, these statistics ought to be significantly less startling to the people involved in the criminal justice system itself, or even to someone who pauses much to think on the subject. The prisoners of the state, while they are (generally speaking) provided with food and shelter, generally lack healthy diversions for their energy. Drugs are, therefore, highly valuable in prison, even more so than in the real world, for they turn chemicals directly into entertainment, skipping over the constraints of the prison walls and the monotonous schedule of the correctional facility. Their value is not merely monetary, then, but of a nigh spiritual significance to an often desperately bored population searching for any means of outlet.
The question, then, becomes not merely “what is the problem?” but “how do we solve this problem?” This is naturally a multifaceted question, with no silver bullet to ‘slay the beast’, as it were. Proven drug treatment programs are the immediate leap to make, and surely form the cornerstone of any reforms that aim to decrease this broad and disturbing trend. More than that, however, I believe that programs offered to direct the energy of the prisoners in a more productive manner ought to be explored. The idea of teaching skills with practical applications to prisoners is hardly a new one, but I believe that partnering with local businesses to provide a pathway for their life post-release would go a long way towards alleviating the worst sort of boredom of the big house. The essential principle is that the prisoner ought to learn to take pride in work, rather than viewing it as a lower occupation than the criminal life. A man with tools in his hands and fulfilled in his work is less inclined towards distractions of a chemical nature.
Chief among the other answers, however, should stand the idea of reducing prison populations, which are strained to the bursting with prisoners, and which reduce to nigh inconsequentiality the efforts of the correctional system to aid the prisoners in recovery. Like a teacher in a filled lecture hall, the guards, teachers, and warden only have so many hours in the day, and only so much energy to expend pursuing one student. The atmospheric numbers of prisoners foisted upon the system have filled their “lecture halls” to capacity and beyond, while their funding has not followed suit. The alternative to reducing prison population is increasing funding, which might seem attractive at first glance, or at least until the time comes to pay the piper. The state, after all, does not produce value in the way that a business does, rather, it merely takes its frequent tithes in the form of taxes, a widely and rightly despised word. To aid in shoring up programs for reform, it seems to me a much less repugnant option to release some non-violent offenders to parole sentences than to cut an even wider swath through the fruitful fields of American paychecks.
-Arsenal456
Part 3 Incarceration rates have always been high in the United States. In 2015 the United States had a decrease which represented the largest annual decrease since 2009. But the population incarceration rate fell to the lowest since 2004. Community supervision incarcerated populations declined to lowest levels in more than a decade says research. People that are on probation or parole are considered to be known as people supervised in the community. For people that aren't familiar with the system, probation population is the estimated number of persons who are on a court-ordered period of supervision in the community while under control, supervision, or care of a correctional agency. The probation conditions form a contract with the court by which the person must abide in order to remain in the community, generally in lieu of incarceration. In some cases, probation can be combined sentence of incarceration followed by a period of community supervision. Often though probation entails monitoring or surveillance by a correctional agency. In some instances, probation may not involve any reporting requirements. While parole population is defined as a estimated number of persons who are on conditional release in the community following a prison term while under the control, supervision, or care of a correctional agency. Violations of the conditions of supervision during this period may result in a new sentence to confinement or a return to confinement for a technical violation. This population includes parolees released through discretionary or mandatory supervised release from prison, those released through other types of post-custody conditional supervision, and those sentenced to a term of supervised release. In 2015, about 7 in 10 persons under correctional supervision were supervised in the community compared to 3 in 10 incarcerated in state or federal or local prisons. If you looked at state and federal prisons that was estimated 1,526,800 vs local jails had 728,200. The reason for the decrease in the number of persons under correctional supervision in 2015 was due to a reduction in both the community supervision and incarcerated populations. The number of persons under supervision in the community fell by 62,300 to 4,650,900 in 2015. The decrease in those community supervision population numbers resulted from a decline in the probation population which was down 2.0 percent as the parole population was increased with a 1.5 percent. But since 2007 the community supervision population decreased by an annual average of 1.2 percent. In 2015 the number of offenders under community supervision declined to its lowest since observed in 2000. In 2000 the total correctional population was 6,467,800 which may have been closed to 2015 which had 6,741,400 but in 2005 it was at 7,055,600 which mean its raised and then went back down in 2010 and has stayed for awhile. While incarcerated totals are different. In 2000 it was at tits lowest 1,945,400 with 621,100 people incarcerated in local jails and 1,394,200 people in prison. In 2015 the totals were sitting at 2,173,800 with 728,200 people in local jails and 1,526,800 in prison. In 2013 that is when numbers started to decline since 2000 with numbers at 2,222,500 in total with 731,200 in local jails and 1,577,000 in the prison. However though with those numbers between 2007 and 2015 the people on probation were accounted for the majority of offenders under correctional supervision. In 2015 the decrease in probation, prison, and local jail populations led to the overall decline in the populations. The decline population for probation represented the larges share of offenders under correctional supervision. While between 2007 and 2015 the correctional population declined by 598,300 persons. It fell 503,200 representing a 84 percent of total decrease in the system.Fox Racing 456 Unknownzeeha456 Xielxs456
ReplyDeletePart 1
ReplyDeleteRecidivism of Prisoners Released in 30 States in 2005: Patterns from 2005 to 2010.
After reading all these tables on recidivism of prisoners in 30 states in 2005, we noticed that most of the people released were because of a drug crime at a whopping 128,767 people of the 404,638-total released. Prisoner were tracked for 5 years following release in 30 states. Some states were excluded from the specific measures of recidivism. The recidivism rates for males were higher for females, regardless the incarceration offense or the recidivism period. While 20.5 percent of released prisoners not arrested within two years of being released were arrested in the third year, and the percentage fell 13.3 percent among those who had not been arrested within 4 years. Within 5 years of being released, 82.1 percent of property offenders were arrested for a new crime, compared to 76.9 percent of drug offenders, 73.6 percent of public order offenders, and 71.3 percent of violent offenders. It is just shocking that to us that we are still putting over 120 thousand people in prisons for drug use. Some of the drugs we can understand, but we can bet that majority of these so-called drug offenses were for the marijuana usage and nothing super serious like heroin, crack, or meth. Characteristics of prisoners released in 12 states in 1994 and 2005. In 1994 91.2 percent were males and 8.8 percent were females. In 2005 89.9 percent were males and 10.1 percent were females. More Black/African American people that were released in both years was higher than the percent of white people released. They usual range ages 25-29. Younger released inmates were arrested at higher rates than older inmates. Property and drug crimes were both close those years. Also, we noticed that some of the assault count in the violent crimes was the highest. We do not know if the it is just us, but we feel like anyone under the violent crime category should not be let out to begin with because their crimes are more serious. The people were only put in 5 years before and are already being released. The more serious and dangerous the crime is should lead to life in prison of close to it. 47.9 percent of people who committed who was either involved in a murder or murdered someone(s) were released with 5 years. 51.2 percent of people released who was either involved in a homicide or acted alone was released within 5 years. Now why is that over half are getting released within 5 years? We can see how some of the other crimes such as burglary or fraud should be put into consideration due to whether or not to release them because those crimes are very serious. To think they were basically just handing out get of jail free cards for some of those serious crimes is scary to think about. People will start to think they can do it again and be out within 5 years.
-Bears456 and CarlBaconWho456
Part 2
DeleteIt will be a revolving door for some criminals also it will be a rinse and repeat process with those people, so we should look at each case before we just let people go back into the world acting like their crimes weren’t serious. To prove that we need to look more into allowing these people out we need to see that 76.6 percent of the people released ended up getting arrested for a new crime either more serious or less serious than the last in just 5 years after being released the first time. This just goes to show that our judges or the people releasing the inmates need to think more about how serious the case may have been and maybe put a longer sentence on them instead of an earlier release and we could have prevented the new crimes from occurring just 5 years later. They should also see if the inmate had received any help or did any programs in prison, so he or she will not be as big of a threat once released. We also noticed that further on it said that among the prisoners released for rape or sexual assault in the 30 states 5.6% were arrested again for rape or sexual assault within the 5 years of release. This just shows that we need to have a better look at some of the cases and how serious the crimes were or consider getting the people some better rehabilitation so they won’t go back out and assault or rape another helpless victim. If we can simply stop wasting our money bringing these people back into our prisons and spend it on better rehabilitation for them then we may see a decrease in people going into prisons multiple times for the same crime or worse than they had before. We spend more money keeping people in prison than we do getting the released inmates on the right path way of a year or two. Prisons are just simply wasting their money housing all of these inmates. An estimated 10.9 percent of released prisoners were arrested in a state other than the one that released them during the 5-year follow up period. A sixth of released prisoners were responsible for almost half of the nearly 1.2 million arrest that occurred also in the 5-year follow-up period. There are other ways to measure recidivism and they are people who return to prison, imprisonment, incarceration, adjudication, and conviction. Out of the 30 states in 2005 California had the highest released inmates of 107,633. Sex was used to stratify the sampling frame within each state. The longer the recidivism period also provides a more complete assessment of the number and type of crimes committed by released persons in the years following their release. Inmate recidivism increased with criminal history. An inmates prior criminal history was measured by the number of arrests found on their criminal history records prior to their date of release.
-Bears456 and CarlBaconWho456
Part 4 The prison held a 12 percent and local jails held 9 percent populations which both contributed to the overall decrease in the correctional population with combing them at a 20 percent. But if you looked at parole population it was up 44,400 people which was an increase between 2007 and 2015. By 2015 the correctional supervision rate ended up dropping to the lowest rate since 1994. In the article it stated it peaked at 3,210 offenders per 100,000 us adult residents in 2007, the correctional supervision rate trended downward falling to a low of 2,710 per 100,000 in 2015. The drop in the correctional supervision rate was attributed equally to the decline in the United States correctional population. In 2015, the correction supervision rate fell to the lowest rate since 1994 when estimated 1.6 million fewer people were supervised by United States correction system. In the Methodology it states that the sources of data is statistics reported from the Bureau of Justice data collections. Each collection relies on the voluntary participation of federal, state, and local respondents. The Annual parole and probation survey collects data form United States probation and parole agencies that supervise adults. If juveniles were sentenced as adults in a criminal court then they would be grouped in with the adults. Juveniles under the jurisdiction of a juvenile court or correctional agency are excluded from data reports. The census of jails and the annual survey of jails. The annual survey of jails has collected data from a nationally representative sample of local jails every year since 1982. Jails are confinement facilities which are usually administered by a local law enforcement agency that are intended to hold adults, but may also hold youth age 17 or younger before or after they are adjudicated. The census of jails is designed to produce a complete enumeration of jail facilities in the United States. The data for census of jail inmates and of jail facilities was aimed to study the nations jail and their inmate populations. You’ll also have deaths in custody rates. Annual collection has to provide national, state, and incident level date on people who died while in the physical custody of state departments or jail jurisdictions nationwide. In 2000 under the reporting act of death in custody it was comprehensive information about deaths in adult correctional facilities. Jails were eventually requested to provide statistics as well as their populations and admissions. All jails were asked even if they didn't have any deaths to report to complete the annual survey forms that are sent out. There's also a National prisoner statistics program that collects data from the nations state departments of corrections and the federal bureau of prisons. The system distinguishes between prisoners in. Custody and prisoner under the jurisdiction of correction authorities. It says to have custody of a prisoner, a state or the BOP must hold that prisoner in one of its facilities. To have jurisdiction over a prison the state or BOP must have legal authority over that prisoner regardless of where the prisoner is incarcerated or supervised.Fox Racing456 Unknownzeeha456 Xielxs456
ReplyDeletePart 5 The correctional population statistics have shown a decline since 2002, a larger decline was 2015. Credited for this decline was the fact that alot of the population was under correctional supervision. Such as community supervision. This caused the prison population to drop as well. Both of the populations for these have had their numbers in population drop. The community supervision offenders dropped to an all time low. 2015 was a targeted year for low numbers in the correction system, it marked for those in state, federal and local jails. Incarcerated population fell in state and federal as well. During the eight year period of 2007 and 2015, the majority of offenders under correctional supervision were probationers with prisoners representing less than one fourth of the correction population. Over half of the offenders under correctional supervision population was the probation population which was down during 2015. In this year the parole population had increased causing a decline in the correctional population. By the end of this year, the correctional supervision rate had dropped to a rate lower then the year 1994. This also marked a drop in the correctional population however it caused a rise in the resident population. Noting that less offenders were supervised by adult correctional system. These low rates for offenders also were reported for adult residents that were on probation or on parole by the end of the year 2015. A decline that was started as a high in the year 2007 gradually declining through until the year 2015. The incarceration rate has decreased since 2009 to the same rate as the year 1997 for those adults under jurisdiction in local jails and federal and state prison systems. How is it possible to know these statistics and numbers to account for the ability to track the population in the correctional population? Data is obtained through participation and information from federal, state and local systems which the Bureau of Justice collects. There are statistics collected for both adult and juveniles that have been sentenced as adults (not those under juvenile jurisdiction. There has been a Annual Probation and Parole survey which collects data from these agencies that supervise adults since 1980. Although other agencies such as the National Criminal Justice Information and Statistics Service charted parole in 1976 and probation in 1979. Surveys to account for the number of those entering and leaving supervised population. This information was obtained through these surveys across the continental United States by the participation of all the agencies involved. Just like the U.S Census, a survey is also on the U.S local jails. The data obtained by these report data on inmates held in a local facility as adults incarcerated under jail Jurisdiction to study the population of jails and their inmates. There is also a program that reports Deaths in Custody, this is a collection of statistics nation wide at all levels - local, state, and federal showing the number of people that have died while in the custody of a correctional facility. While it summarizes the counts of deaths it also gives data on the amount of population in each facility. Data is also collected from the nation's state and federal prison systems. This data shows the number of prisoners in custody under the jurisdictional correctional authorities. This shows the population and where they are all being held at in each different facility, accounting for even those who are out of their facility for a particular reason such as court, work release, etc. This also included those prisoners that are serving time at the age of 17 that are sentenced as adults. The Department of Defense also has a report that records data on prisoners held in military confinement facilities. A separate survey is done for those tribal facilities operated by the U.S Dept. of the Interior's Bureau of Affairs. FoxRacing456 Unknownzeeha456 Xielxs456
ReplyDeleterest of Part 5. To avoid counting an offender twice such as offender serving probationers and parolees with multiple correctional statuses making the information being more detailed on the information they obtain. A formula was devised to provide the information on population of correctional supervision rate using two components to show the rate changing for adult population during a specific time frame. To account for the facilities without a response to the data collection the report would be estimated on information collected through other reports. FoxRacing456 Unknownzeeha456 Xielxs456
ReplyDeletePart One:
ReplyDeleteAccording to the article this group was assigned there has been a great overall decline (64%) in intimate partner violence between the years 1994-2010. Also there has been more than 60% decline for both males and females within that same time frame. Only question I would have with these statistics is how accurate are they when it comes to the US population as a whole. Also pointed out in this article was that most intimate partner violence was perpetrated against females,and it states that 85% of females were victims and the other 15% were males and they left the males information out to focus on the female because it was more so another question I wold have would that also affect the accuracy of the statistics.
TJGirl456 Detective Stabler456
Part Two:
ReplyDeleteCriminal Justice shows that prisoners are out numbered in a lot of ways. One is the number of inmates incarcerated for small crimes. These prisoners return do to lack of helpful living skills. Custody is the holding on inmates in facilities and institutions. Prisons house many of harden criminals such as rapist, murderers, sex offenders, and more. Long sentences are carried out from 1 to life. Inmates get housed to live out their punishments in security based facilities. Prisoners can get involved in successful treatment or just be there. Good prisoners get in education, choir, and work program. These three areas can make the sentence they have seem shorter. Work program can help for when they get released and look for jobs. Earning a degree is a positive look for when they get out of moving in the right direction. Choir is just a way while incarcerated to express themselves and stay active. Being able to successful use these skills once in the society again can help reduce return. Other looks in justice system can say we set prisoners up to fail.
DetectiveStabler456 TJGirl456
Regarding recidivism of offenders placed on federal community supervision in 2005-2010, it was interesting to see the number patterns on how many offenders would potentially reoffend. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, law enforcement agencies were responsible for 76% of prior arrests of offenders placed on federal community supervision in 2005. Within one year of community placement supervision, 18% of the federal offenders had been arrested at least once. After the follow up period, around 43% of offenders were arrested. Almost half of the offenders who were released from federal prison were arrested within 5 years of being released. About 77% of offenders who were released from state prisons on community supervision had reoffended. During these years, there is a bit of a difference comparing offenders who are released from state and federal prisons. It seems as if offenders had reoffended more when being released from state prison compared to federal prison. I wonder what the correlation is and what the difference is that led some people to continue criminal activity and some who didn’t. I wonder if any rehabilitation services and resources were offered to certain offenders and if some were not and became a repeat offender because they didn’t get the help that they probably needed. There are people in prison who strongly deserve to stay in there but there are a lot of people who just need the proper resources to maybe cure their drug addictions or mental health problems. I think our society needs to take these things more serious because it’s real and it’s happening all over and I think it will only get worse and crimes could potentially increase because of these specific risk factors. More options should be made available for prisoners while they are incarcerated because it gives them something to look forward to and gives them a purpose to do good in life and possibly help other offenders who are going through the same things.
ReplyDelete-PizzaLover456